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1920  Jan 3, NY Yankees purchased Babe Ruth from Red Sox for $125,000.
 (MC, 1/3/02)
1920  Jan 3, The last of the U.S. troops quit France.
 (HN, 1/3/99)

1920  Jan 4, William Egan Colby, CIA director under Nixon, was born.
 (MC, 1/4/02)
1920  Jan 4, The Negro National League, the first black baseball league, was organized by Rube Foster.
 (HN, 1/4/99)

1920  Jan 5, GOP women demanded equal representation at the Republican National Convention in June.
 (HN, 1/5/99)

1920  Jan 6, Sun Myung Moon, evangelist (Unification Church-Moonies), was born.
 (MC, 1/6/02)

1920  Jan 10, The League of Nations was established as the Treaty of Versailles went into effect. The Free City of Danzig (Gdansk) was constituted by the treaty.
 (WUD, 1994, p.367)(AHD, 1971, p.744)(AP, 1/10/98)

1920  Jan 13, A NY Times editorial excoriated Dr. Robert H. Goddard, and reported that rockets can never fly. In 1969 the NY Times belatedly apologized.
 (WSJ, 8/7/03, p.A1)

1920  Jan 14, Berlin was placed under martial law as 40,000 radicals rushed the Reichstag; 42 are dead and 105 are wounded.
 (HN, 1/14/99)

1920  Jan 15, John J. "Cardinal" O'Connor, Phila, Roman Catholic Archbishop of NY, was born.
 (MC, 1/15/02)
1920  Jan 15, The Dry Law (Prohibition) went into effect in the United States. Selling liquor and beer became illegal under the 18th amendment. [see Jan 16]
 (HN, 1/15/99)(SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)
1920  Jan 15, The United States approved a $150 million loan to Poland, Austria and Armenia to aid in their war with the Russian communists.
 (HN, 1/15/99)

1920  Jan 16, Prohibition began as the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution took effect. It was later repealed by the 21st Amendment. Alcohol was outlawed in the US with the passage of the 18th amendment. [It was made law on Jan 16,1919 but became effective on this day.]
 (AP, 1/16/98)(SFC, 4/7/96, p.B-11)
1920  Jan 16, The League of Nations held its first meeting in Paris.
 (HN, 1/16/99)
1920  Jan 16, Allies lifted the blockade on trade with Russia.
 (HN, 1/16/99)

1920  Jan 19, US Senate voted against membership in the League of Nations.
 (MC, 1/19/02)

1920  Jan 20, Movie director Federico Fellini was born in Rimini, Italy.
 (AP, 1/20/00)

1920  Jan 22, William Warfield, singer (Show Boat), was born.
 (MC, 1/22/02)

1920  Jan 23, The Dutch government refused demands from the victorious Allies to hand over Kaiser Wilhelm II, the dethroned German monarch who had fled to the Netherlands.
 (AP, 1/23/00)

1920  Jan 25, Amadeo Modigliani (35), Italian sculptor, painter, died. His mistress Jeanne Hebuterne, pregnant with his child, committed suicide rather than live without him. [see Jan 26]
 (WSJ, 10/16/98, p.W14)(MC, 1/25/02)

1920  Jan 26, Amadeo Modigliani's mistress jumped out of a window. [see Jan 25]
 (MC, 1/26/02)

1920  Jan, In Mass., Calvin Coolidge in his inaugural address as governor stated: "There is a limit to the taxing power of the state beyond which increased rates produce decreased revenues."
 (WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A17)

1920   Jan, Albanian leaders met in Lushnjë and rejected the partitioning of Albania by the Treaty of Paris. They created a bicameral parliament and warned that Albanians would take up arms in defense of territory.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1920  Feb 1, 1st commercial armored car was introduced in St. Paul, Minn.
 (MC, 2/1/02)
1920  Feb 1, The Royal North West Mounted Police was formed as the Royal Northwest Mounted Police merged with Dominion Police and incorporated as the federal organization called the Dominion Police. The name Royal Canadian Mounted Police was adopted.
 (AP, 2/1/97)(AP, 5/23/97)(HNQ, 5/5/98)(MC, 2/1/02)

1920  Feb 2, A. Wang, founder of Wang Labs and Wang Computers, was born.
 (MC, 2/2/02)

1920  Feb 3, The Allies demanded that 890 German military leaders stand trial for war crimes.
 (HN, 2/3/99)

1920  Feb 4, The 1st flight from London to South Africa took off and lasted 1 month.
 (MC, 2/4/02)

1920  Feb 7, Oscar Brand, folk vocalist (Draw Me a Laugh), was born in Winnipeg, Canada.
 (MC, 2/7/02)

1920  Feb 8, Swiss men voted against women's suffrage.
 (MC, 2/8/02)

1920  Feb 10, Alex Comfort, English physician and author, was born. His books included "Joy of Sex."
 (HN, 2/10/01)

1920  Feb 11, Farouk I, last King of Egypt (1936-52), was born in Cairo.
 (MC, 2/11/02)

1920  Feb 12, The last German forces withdrew from Klaipeda as French and English naval forces arrived.
 (LHC, 2/12/03)

1920  Feb 13, Eileen Farrell, opera soprano (Interrupted Melody), was born in Willimantic, Conn.
 (MC, 2/13/02)
1920  Feb 13, The League of Nations recognized the perpetual neutrality of Switzerland.
 (AP, 2/13/98)

1920  Feb 14, The League of Women Voters was founded in Chicago to encourage women's participation in government; its first president was Maude Wood Park.
 (HFA, ‘96, p.22)(AP, 2/14/98)(SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)

1920  Feb 15, K Reinmuth discovered asteroid #926 Imhilde.
 (440 Int’l., 2/15/99)

1920  Feb 16, Patty Andrews, vocalist (Andrews Sisters), was born in Minneapolis.
 (MC, 2/16/02)
1920  Feb 16,  The Allies accepted Berlin’s offer to try World War I war criminals in Leipzig’s Supreme Court.
 (HN, 2/16/98)

1920  Feb 17, A directorship for the Klaipeda (Kaliningrad) region was formed.
 (LHC, 2/17/03)

1920  Feb 18, Jack Palance, [Walter Palanuik], actor (Shane/City Slickers), was born in Lattimer, Pa.
 (MC, 2/18/02)
1920  Feb 18, Vuillemin and Chalus completed their first flight over the Sahara Desert.
 (HN, 2/18/98)

1920  Feb 20, Robert E. Peary (63), US pole explorer (North Pole, 6/4/1909), died.
 (MC, 2/20/02)

1920  Feb 21, Robert S. Johnson, was born. He became the American World War II fighter ace who shot down 27 German planes.
 (HN, 2/21/99)
1920    Feb 21, A Prussian Lithuanian National Council urged the Lithuanian government and the Allies to take measures for uniting the Klaipeda region to Lithuania.
 (LHC, 2/21/03)

1920  Feb 22, The American Relief Administration appealed to the public to pressure Congress to aid starving European cities.
 (HN, 2/22/98)
1920  Feb 22, The 1st artificial rabbit was used at a dog race track in Emeryville, Calif.
 (MC, 2/22/02)

1920  Feb 24, A fledgling German political party held its first meeting of importance at Hofbrauhaus in Munich; it became known as the Nazi Party, and its chief spokesman was Adolf Hitler.
 (AP, 2/24/00)(MC, 2/24/02)

1920  Feb 26, Tony Randall [Leonard Rosenberg], actor (Felix-Odd Couple, Love Sidney), was born in Tulsa, OK.
 (SC, 2/26/02)

1920  Feb 27, The U.S. rejected a Soviet peace offer as propaganda.
 (HN, 2/27/98)

1920  Feb 28, Maurice Ravel's "Le Tombeau de Couperin," premiered.
 (MC, 2/28/02)

1920  Feb, A New York Times reporter suggested to lawyer Harry Daugherty, campaign manager for Warren Harding, that Harding would be selected by backroom bosses on Friday night of convention week at about 2 a.m. Daugherty said make that 2:11 a.m. He was thus quoted in the NYT.
 (WSJ, 8/26/96, p.A12)

1920  Feb, Albanian government moved to Tirana, which became the capital.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1920  Mar 1, Harry Caray, baseball announcer (Chicago Cubs), was born.
 (SC, 3/1/02)
1920  Mar 1, Howard Nemerov, writer, 3rd US poet laureate, Pulitzer Prize recipient, was born. [HN says 1921]
 (HN, 3/1/01)(SC, 3/1/02)
1920  Mar 1, Austria became a kingdom again under Admiral Horthy.
 (SC, 3/1/02)

1920  Mar 2, Karel Capék's "Loupeznik" premiered in Prague.
 (SC, 3/2/02)

1920  Mar 3, Robert Searle, cartoonist, was born.
 (HN, 3/3/01)

1920  Mar 4, Last day of Julian civil calendar in Greece.
 (SC, 3/4/02)

1920  Mar 7, The Bolsheviks opened major offensive on the Polish front.
 (HN, 3/7/98)

1920  Mar 14, Hank Ketchum, cartoonist (Dennis the Menace), was born in Seattle, Wa.
 (MC, 3/14/02)(http://www.askart.com/Biography.asp)

1920  Mar 16, Leo McKern, actor (Blue Lagoon, Help, Mouse that Roared, Rumpole of the Bailey), was born in Sydney, Australia.
 (MC, 3/16/02)

1920  Mar 17, John La Montaine, composer (Pulitzer 1959), was born in Oak Park, Ill.
 (MC, 3/17/02)

1920   Mar 19, The U.S. Senate rejected for the second time the Treaty of Versailles by a vote of 49-35, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed for approval.
 (AP, 3/19/97)(HN, 3/19/98)

1920  Mar 20, Pamela Churchill Harriman (d.1997) was born. She was later appointed by Pres. Clinton as ambassador to France. In 1996 Sally Bedell Smith wrote her biography: "Reflected Glory: The Life of Pamela Churchill Harriman."
 (SFC, 10/23/96, p.E6)(SFC, 2/6/97, p.A14)

1920  Mar 21, Bruno Maderna, composer, was born.
 (MC, 3/21/02)

1920  Mar 23, Britain denounced the U.S. because of their delay in joining the League of Nations.
 (HN, 3/23/98)
1920  Mar 23, The Perserikatan Communist of India (PKI) political party formed.
 (SS, 3/23/02)

1920  Mar 25, Howard Cosell (Cohen), was born. He came to be the most liked, and the most disliked, sports journalist across America.
 (MC, 3/25/02)
1920  Mar 25, Greek Independence Day.
 (MC, 3/25/02)

1920  Mar 27, Richard Hayman, bandleader, conductor, pianist (Theme of 3 Penny Opera), was born.
 (MC, 3/27/02)

1920  Mar 28, Dirk Bogarde, actor (Death in Venice, Servant), was born in London, England.
 (MC, 3/28/02)
1920  Mar 28, Thomas Masaryk was elected president of Czechoslovakia.
 (MC, 3/28/02)

1920  Mar 31, British parliament accepted Irish "Home Rule" law.
 (MC, 3/31/02)

1920  Mar, The US federal government returned the railroads to private hands.
 (SFC, 7/8/96, p.D2)

1920  Apr 1, Toshiro Mifune, writer, actor (Shogun), was born in Tsing-tao, China.
 (MC, 4/1/02)
1920  Apr 1, Germany's Workers Party changed its name to Nationalist Socialist German Worker's Party (Nazis). The National Socialist (Nazi) party was born in Munich in the 1920s.
 (HN, 4/1/98)(HNQ, 1/26/00)

1920  Apr 2, Jack Webb, actor (Joe Friday-Dragnet), was born in Santa Monica, Calif.
 (MC, 4/2/02)

1920  Apr 3, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda Sayre were married at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City.
 (HN, 4/3/02)

1920  Apr 4, Arabs attacked Jews in Jerusalem.
 (MC, 4/4/02)

1920  Apr 5, Arthur Hailey, (Hotel, Airport), was born.
 (HN, 4/5/01)
1920  Apr 5, Japanese forces landed in Vladivostok.
 (HN, 5/5/97)

1920  Apr 7, Ravi Shankar, sitar player, was born in Benares, India.
 (MC, 4/7/02)

1920  Apr 8, Carmen McRae, jazz vocalist and pianist, was born.
 (HN, 4/8/01)
1920  Apr 8, Charles Tomlinson Griffes (35), US composer (White Peacock), died.
 (MC, 4/8/02)

1920  Apr 14, John Paul Stevens, US Supreme Court Justice, was born.
 (MC, 4/14/02)
1920  Apr 14, Tornadoes killed 219 people in Alabama and Mississippi.
 (MC, 4/14/02)

1920  Apr 15, A paymaster and his guard at a shoe factory in Braintree, Massachusetts, were killed in a robbery. Italian immigrants Sacco and Vanzetti were accused of the crime.
 (HN, 8/23/98)
1920  Apr 15, Richard von Weizsacker, baron, president (Germany, 1984-94), was born.
 (MC, 4/15/02)

1920  Apr 20, John Paul Stevens, 103rd Supreme Court Justice (1975-), was born in Illinois.
 (MC, 4/20/02)
1920  Apr 20, Balfour Declaration was recognized. This made Palestine a British Mandate.
 (MC, 4/20/02)

1920  Apr 21, Bruno Maderna, conductor, composer, Hyperion), was born in Venice, Italy.
 (MC, 4/21/02)

1920  Apr 23, The Turkish Grand National Assembly held its first meeting in Ankara.
 (HN, 4/23/99)

1920  Apr 24, British Mandate over Palestine went into effect and lasted for 28 years.
 (MC, 4/24/02)

1920  Apr 27, Pogrom leader Petljoera (Petlyura) declared Ukraine Independence.
 (MC, 4/27/02)

1920  Apr 28, Azerbaijan joined the USSR.
 (HN, 4/28/98)

1920  May 1, Belgian-Luxembourg toll tunnel opened.
 (MC, 5/1/02)

1920  May 2, 1st game of National Negro Baseball League was played in Indianapolis.
 (MC, 5/2/02)

1920  May 3, John Lewis, jazz pianist, was born.
 (HN, 5/3/01)
1920  May 3, "Sugar" Ray Robinson, American middleweight boxer, was born.  He won the world title for a record five times.
 (HN, 5/3/99)

1920  May 5, US Pres. Wilson made the Communist Labor Party illegal.
 (MC, 5/5/02)
1920  May 5, Anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were arrested for murder.
 (HN, 5/5/98)

1920  May 8, Sloan Wilson, American author, was born in Norwalk, Conn. He wrote "The man in the Gray Flannel Suit" and "A Summer Place."
 (HN, 5/8/99)(MC, 5/8/02)

1920  May 10, Richard Adams, English novelist (Watership Down), was born.
 (HN, 5/10/02)

1920  May 16, Joan of Arc was canonized in Rome.
 (AP, 5/16/97)(HN, 5/16/98)

1920  May 18, Pope John Paul II (1978- ), [Karol Jozef Wojtyla] 264th Roman Catholic pope, was born in Wadowice, Poland. He was the first non-Italian Roman Catholic pope since the Renaissance and wrote the international bestseller "Crossing the Threshold."
 (SFC, 5/19/97, p.A13)(HN, 5/18/99)
1920  May 18, In the 46th Preakness: Clarence Kummer aboard Man o' War won in 1:51.6.
 (SC, 5/18/02)

1920  May 22, Thomas Gold, astronomer, was born.
 (HN, 5/22/01)

1920  May 23, Helen O'Connell, big band vocalist, was born.
 (HN, 5/23/01)

1920  May 26, Peggy Lee (d.2002), jazz singer, was born in Jamestown, ND, as Norma Dolores Egstrom.
 (HN, 5/26/01)(SFC, 1/23/02, p.A2)

1920  May 31, Edward Bennett Williams, Washington lawyer, was born.
 (HN, 5/31/98)

1920  Jun 5, Cornelius Ryan, US historian, writer (The Longest Day), was born.
 (MC, 6/5/02)

1920  Jun 10, The Republican convention in Chicago endorsed woman suffrage.
 (HN, 6/10/98)

1920  Jun 11, Robert Hutton, actor (Torture Garden, Rocket), was born in Kingston, NY.
 (SC, 6/11/02)
1920  Jun 11, Hazel Scott, singer, pianist (Hazel Scott), was born in Trinidad.
 (SC, 6/11/02)
1920  Jun 11, The US Republican Senate bosses gathered in rooms 408 & 410 of the Blackstone Hotel in Chicago and selected Sen. Warren Harding to break a deadlock. Harding, disregarding his mistress of four years, Nan Britton, declared himself to be of good character. The Republicans nominated Warren G. Harding at the Blackstone Hotel in Chicago. Britton later wrote a book, "The President’s Daughter," about their relations and claimed that she bore his daughter. Harding had another mistress named Carrie Phillips. In 1999 Martin Blinder published his novel "Fluke" based on Harding's political career and presidency.
 (WSJ, 8/26/96, p.A12)(Hem, 8/96, p.84)(SFC, 2/5/98, p.A8)(SFEC, 5/2/99, BR p.8)

1920  Jun 12, Republicans in Chicago nominated Warren G. Harding for president and Calvin Coolidge for vice president.
 (HN, 6/12/98)(WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A17)

1920  Jun 13, The U.S. Post Office Department ruled that children may not be sent by parcel post.
 (HN, 6/13/98)

1920  Jun 15, Three African Americans were lynched in Duluth, Minnesota, by a white mob of 5,000.
 (HN, 6/15/98)

1920  Jun 16, John Howard Griffin, writer, was born. He posed as an African-American in the south in the early 1960s and his experiences resulted in the book "Black Like Me."
 (HN, 6/16/99)

1920  Jun 20, Race riots in Chicago, Illinois left two dead and many wounded.
 (HN, 6/20/98)

1920  Jun 25, The Greeks took 8,000 Turkish prisoners in Smyrna.
 (HN, 6/25/98)

1920   Jun 27, I.A.L. Diamond, screenwriter, was born.
 (HN, 6/27/01)

1920  Jun 28, The Democratic Convention, the first in the West, was held in SF.
 (SFEC, 4/25/99, Z1 p.4)

1920  Jul 4, Leona Helmsley, (wife of Harry), real estate billionaire, tax cheat, was born.
 (MC, 7/4/02)

1920  Jul 7, A device known as the radio compass was used for the first time on a U.S. Navy airplane.
 (MC, 7/7/02)

1920  Jul 10, David Brinkley, broadcaster, was born in Wilmington, NC.
 (HN, 7/10/01)(MC, 7/10/02)

1920  Jul 11, Yul Brynner, actor (The King and I, The Ten Commandments) , was born.
 (PGA, 12/9/98)

1920  Jul 14, The 19th amendment was ratified granting suffrage to American women. [see July 26]
 (SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)

1920  Jul 16, Gen. Amos Fries was appointed 1st US army chemical warfare chief.
 (MC, 7/16/02)

1920  Jul 20, Elliot L. Richardson, US Attorney General (1973), Sec of Defense (1973), was born.
 (MC, 7/20/02)

1920  Jul 21, Isaac Stern, violinist, was born in Kreminiecz, Russia.
 (HN, 7/21/98)

1920  Jul 23, King Faisal’s Arab Army was defeated at Maysaloun and Syria fell effectively under French.
 (AP, 7/23/97)

1920  Jul 24, Bella Abzug, the first Jewish woman elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, was born.
 (HN, 7/24/98)

1920  Jul 26, The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibiting discrimination in voting on the basis of sex, was ratified. [see July 14]
 (HN, 7/26/98)(SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)

1920  Jul 27, A radio compass was used for 1st time for aircraft navigation.
 (MC, 7/27/02)

1920  Jul 28, Revolutionary and bandit Pancho Villa surrendered to the Mexican government.
 (HN, 7/28/98)

1920  Aug 3, P.D. James (Phyllis Dorothy James), British mystery writer, was born.
 (HN, 8/3/00)

1920  Aug 10, The Ottoman sultanate at Constantinople signed the Treaty of Sevres, which promised a homeland for the Kurds. The nationalist government in Ankara did not sign the treaty.
 (SFC, 2/17/99, p.A10)(PCh, 1992, p.739)(EWH, 4th ed, p.1086)

1920  Aug 16, Charles Bukowski, poet and novelist, was born.
 (HN, 8/16/00)

1920  Aug 18, Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the 19th Amendment to the Constitution, which guaranteed the right of all American women to vote. This completed the three-quarters necessary to put the amendment into effect.
 (AP, 8/18/97)(HN, 8/18/01)

1920  Aug 20, Pioneering American radio station 8MK in Detroit (later WWJ) began daily broadcasting.
 (AP, 8/20/97)

1920  Aug 22, Ray Bradbury, science fiction writer whose works include "The Martian Chronicles" and "Fahrenheit 451," was born.
 (WSJ, 11/22/95, p.A-3)(HN, 8/22/98)

1920  Aug 26, The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing American women the right to vote, was declared in effect. The Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution was passed, giving American women the right to vote. The amendment had been first introduced in Congress in 1878, setting in motion supporters who demonstrated, lobbied, marched and spoke out for woman suffrage. They were often met with venomous opposition. Early on, the two main factions of the movement disagreed about how to achieve their goal, but they ultimately united in 1890 to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association and worked together to get the amendment passed. By August 18, 1920, three-fourths of the United States had agreed to the bill. Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby certified ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment on August 26.
 (AP, 8/26/97)(HNPD, 8/26/99)

1920  Aug 28, US Congress ratified the 19th amendment that granted women the right to vote. Aaron Sargent wrote the 19th constitutional amendment and built Grandmere’s Inn in Nevada City. Carrie Chapman Catt, founder of the League of Women Voters, played a crucial role in its passage. She also held some very racist views: she called the ballots of proletarian voters "undesirable" and referred to Indians as "savages." [see July 14 and July 26]
 (WUD, 1994, p.1681)(SFC, 4/14/96, T-3)(SFC, 6/9/96, p.B-11)

1920  Aug 29, Charlie "Bird" Parker, self-taught jazz saxophonist, pioneer of the new "cool" movement, was born.
 (HN, 8/29/98)

1920  Aug, Max Reinhardt conducted the world premier of Hugo von Hofmannstahl’s version of "Everyman" in front of the Salzburg Cathedral.
 (WSJ, 8/10/95, p.A-9)

1920  Sep 2, W. Somerset Maugham's "East of Suez," premiered in London.
 (MC, 9/2/01)

1920  Sep 4, Craig Claiborne, food critic, food columnist (NY Times Cookbook) and cookbook author, was born.
 (HN, 9/4/00)(MC, 9/4/01)
1920  Sep 4, Maggie Higgins, the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize (1951) for international reporting, for her work in Korean war zones, was born.
 (HN, 9/4/98)

1920  Sep 8, New York-to-San Francisco air mail service was inaugurated. [see Feb 2, 1921]
 (AP, 9/8/00)

1920  Sep 16, A bomb exploded in front of the Morgan building at 23 Wall St. in NYC at noon on a busy Thursday. At least 33 (35) people were killed and hundreds wounded. A 16-foot stretch of the Tennessee-marble façade with pockmarks of the blast was retained as a memorial. Ron Chernow described the incident in his book "The House of Morgan." No one was charged but Prof. Paul Avrich, in his book "Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background," later held that Mario Buda, an Italian immigrant, was the culprit.
 (HN, 9/16/98)(WSJ, 12/10/98, p.B1)(SFC, 9/22/01, p.A3)

1920  Sep 17, The American Professional Football Association -- a precursor of the NFL -- was formed in Canton, Ohio. 12 teams paid $100 each to join American Prof Football Assn. Jim Thorpe was the first president. The name was changed to the National Football League (NFL) in 1922. The NFL merged with the AFL in 1970.
 (AP, 9/17/97)(SFC, 7/11/98, p.B3)(HNQ, 11/19/00)(MC, 9/17/01)

1920  Sep 21, Jay Ward, cartoonist (Rocky & his Friends, Bullwinkle), was born.
 (MC, 9/21/01)

1920  Sep 22, Chicago grand jury convened to investigate charges that 8 White Sox players conspired to fix the 1919 World Series.
 (MC, 9/22/01)

1920  Sep 23, Mickey Rooney, actor, was born Joe Yule, Jr. in Brooklyn, NY.
 (SSFC, 3/11/01, DB p.61)

1920  Sep 27, Eight Chicago White Sox players were charged with fixing the 1919 World Series. [see Sep 28]
 (HN, 9/27/98)

1920  Sep 28, 8 White Sox players were indicted for throwing the 1919 World Series (Black Sox scandal). [see Sep 27]
 (MC, 9/28/01)

1920  Sep, Albania forced Italy to withdraw its troops and abandon claims on Albanian territory.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1920  Oct 1, Walter Matthau (d.2000), actor, was born as Walter Matuchanskayasky in NYC to Russian-Jewish immigrants.
 (SFC, 7/3/00, p.C2)

1920  Oct 2, Max Bruch, composer (Scottish Fantasy), died at 82.
 (MC, 10/2/01)

1920  Oct 8, Frank [Patrick] Herbert, US, sci-fi author (Dune), was born.
 (MC, 10/8/01)

1920  Oct 12, Construction began on Holland Tunnel connecting NJ and NYC.
 (MC, 10/12/01)
1920  Oct 12, Man O'War ran his last race and won.
 (MC, 10/12/01)

1920  Oct 14, In the Dorpart Treaty the Soviet Bolsheviks reaffirmed Finnish independence, gave Finland the ice-free port of Pechenga towards the Arctic Ocean and put the Finnish border 18 miles west of Leningrad. The treaty, signed by Stalin, was precipitated by Gustaf Mannerheim’s victory over much larger Bolshevik and Finnish Red Guard forces in 1918.
 (DrEE, 10/26/96, p.4)

1920  Oct 15, Mario Puzo, novelist and screenwriter, was born. His work included "The Godfather." [see Oct 15, 1921]
 (HN, 10/15/00)

1920  Oct 17, Montgomery Clift, actor (From Here to Eternity), was born in Omaha, Neb.
 (MC, 10/17/01)

1920  Oct 20, Max Bruch (82), German composer (Kol Nidre), died.
 (MC, 10/20/01)

1920  Oct 22, Timothy Leary, American psychologist who experimented with psychedelic drugs, was born.
 (HN, 10/22/98)

1920  Oct 23, Chicago grand jury indicted Abe Attell, Hal Chase, and Bill Burns as go-betweens in Black Sox World Series scandal.
 (MC, 10/23/01)

1920  Oct 25, Alexander (27), king of Greece (1917-20), died after ape bite.
 (MC, 10/25/01)

1920  Oct 27, League of Nations moved headquarters in Geneva.
 (MC, 10/27/01)

1920  Oct 31, Dick Francis, jockey and detective writer (Whip Hand, High Stakes), was born in Wales.
 (MC, 10/31/01)

1920  Nov 1, Eugene O'Neill's "Emperor Jones," premiered in NYC.
 (MC, 11/1/01)

1920  Nov 2, Warren G. Harding was elected 29th president. He defeated James Cox.
 (HN, 11/2/98)(SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)
1920  Nov 2, The first radio broadcast in the United States was made from Pittsburgh. Westinghouse built a radio station on its factory roof. KDKA in Pittsburgh broadcast returns from the Harding-Cox presidential election. [see Nov 6]
 (CFA, ‘96, p.58)(WSJ, 1/12/98, p.A19)(HN, 11/2/98)(AP, 11/2/99)
1920  Nov 2, Charlotte Woodward, who signed the 1848 Seneca Falls Declaration calling for female voting rights, cast her ballot in a presidential election.
 (HN, 11/2/01)
1920  Nov 2, In Ocoee, Fla., on election day gunfire erupted after 2 black men tried to vote. By the next day a number of residents, black and white, lay dead.
 (WSJ, 10/30/98, p.A1)

1920  Nov 3, Oodgeroo Noonuccal [Kath Walker], Australian Aboriginal poet, was born.
 (HN, 11/3/00)
1920  Nov 3, "Emperor Jones" opened at Provincetown Theater.
 (MC, 11/3/01)

1920  Nov 6, From the roof of a Westinghouse plant in Pittsburgh Leo Rosenberg uttered the 1st words ever carried by a commercial radio station (KDKA): "We shall now broadcast the election returns." [see Nov 2]
 (WSJ, 5/15/01, p.A1)

1920  Nov 10, George Bernard Shaw's "Heartbreak House," premiered in NYC.
 (MC, 11/10/01)

1920  Nov 12, Baseball got its first "czar" as Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis was elected commissioner of the American and National Leagues. Landis became the first commissioner of baseball, a position he held until his death in 1944. Replacing the powerless three-man National Baseball Commission, Landis was given almost dictatorial powers and charged by the owners with cleaning up the game, which had been rocked by scandal when eight Chicago White Sox players were accused of throwing the 1919 World Series. The players' 1921 conspiracy trial ended with acquittal for lack of hard evidence, but Landis needed to reassure fans of baseball's integrity. The eight White Sox, including "Shoeless" Joe Jackson and Oscar "Happy" Felsh, were barred from baseball for life.
  (AP, 11/12/97)(HNPD, 11/12/98)

1920  Nov 15, Forty-one nations opened the first League of Nations session in Geneva.
 (HN, 11/15/98)

1920  Nov 16, Metered mail was born in Stamford, Connecticut, with the first Pitney Bowes postage meter.
 (HN, 11/16/98)

1920  Nov 20, The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to US president W. Wilson.
 (MC, 11/20/01)

1920  Nov 21, Stan "The Man" Musial, Hall of Fame baseball player for the St. Louis Cardinals, was born.
 (HN, 11/21/98)
1920  Nov 21, Mussolini's squad began terror and 11 died in Bologna, Italy.
 (MC, 11/21/01)

1920  Nov 25, radio station WTAW of College Station, Texas, broadcast the first play-by-play description of a football game, between the University of Texas and Texas A&M.
 (AP, 11/25/00)
1920  Nov 25, The 1st Thanksgiving Parade was held in Philadelphia.
 (MC, 11/25/01)

1920  Nov 26, Cyril Cusack, Irish actor, was born.
 (HN, 11/26/00)

1920  Nov 28, "The Mark of Zorro" with Douglas Fairbanks opened at the Capitol.
 (DTnet, 11/28/97)

1920  Nov, California voters passed an anti-Japanese Alien Land law that barred Japanese immigrants from purchasing land in the name of their American-born children. A federal court deemed it constitutional in 1921.
 (SFEC, 12/26/99, p.W7)

1920  Nov, White Russian Major Gen’l. Paul Petroff entrusted 20 boxes of gold coins and 2 boxes of gold bullion to Colonel R. Isome of the Japanese forces that occupied part of Siberia in order to cross Manchuria and not loose the money to bandits. He was fleeing to the anti-Bolshevik stronghold at Vladivostok. The money was never returned. The events were later documented by his son Serge Petroff in the 1997 book "Let the War Rage."
 (SFC,10/17/97, p.D2)

1920  Dec 6, Dave Brubeck, jazz pianist and composer, was born.
 (HN, 12/6/00)

1920  Dec 8, President Wilson declined to send a representative to the League of Nations in Geneva.
 (HN, 12/8/98)

1920  Dec 13, George P. Schultz, US Secretary of State (1982-89), was born.
 (MC, 12/13/01)
1920  Dec 13, League of nations established the Int’l. Court of Justice in The Hague.
 (MC, 12/13/01)

1920  Dec 14, The League of Nations created a credit system to aid Europe; U.S. export trade was threatened.
 (HN, 12/14/98)

1920  Dec 15, China won a place on the League Council; Austria was admitted.
 (HN, 12/15/98)

1920  Dec 16, In China an 8.6 earthquake killed some 100,000 people in the northwestern province of Gansu. The quake in mid-western China caused massive landslides and the deaths of over 200,000 people. [see Dec 16, 1932; Dec 26, 1932]
 (SFC, 1/800, p.A8)(MC, 12/16/01)

1920  Dec 18, Rita Streich, German singer, was born.
 (MC, 12/18/01)

1920  Dec 23, Ireland was divided into 2 parts, each with its own parliament.
 (MC, 12/23/01)

1920  Dec 24, Enrico Caruso gave his last public performance, singing in Jacques Halevy’s "La Juive" at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.
 (AP, 12/24/97)

1920  Dec 28, U.S. resumed the deportation of Communists.
 (HN, 12/28/98)

1920  Dec 29, Syd Dernley, hangman, was born.
 (MC, 12/29/01)

1920  Dec 30, Ho Chi Minh helped found the Communist Party of France on December 30, 1920, while a student there. Known then as Nguyen Ai Quoc, Ho went on to Moscow in 1923 for training in revolutionary strategy by the Communist International. After several years in the Soviet Union and China, Ho returned to Vietnam to lead his nation’s revolutionary movement.
 (HNQ, 4/13/99)

1920  Dec, Albania was admitted to the League of Nations as sovereign and independent state.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1920  Pete Seeger, folksinger, was born. His songs included "The Bells of Rhymney" and "Turn! Turn! Turn!"
 (SFC, 1/14/98, p.D3)

1920  Isaac Stern (d.2001), Russian-Jewish immigrant to the US and legendary violinist, was born in the Ukraine. His family arrived in San Francisco a year later. In 1960 he saved Carnegie Hall from the wrecking ball.
 (SSFC, 9/23/01, p.A24)(SFC, 9/24/01, p.G1)

1920  Otto Dix painted "Souvenir of the Hall of Mirrors in Brussels."
 (WSJ, 2/3/00, p.A24)

1920  Matisse painted his "Marguerite Sleeping."
 (SFC, 5/19/96, BR, p.8)

1920  Man Ray (aka Manuel Radnitsky, 1890-1976) made his "Obstruction," a hanging mobile contrived with wooden clothes hangers.
 (WSJ, 12/2/96, p.A16)

1920  Stanley Spencer painted "Christ Carrying the Cross."
 (SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)

1920  The National Women’s Party commissioned the Portrait Monument, a sculpture in honor of the suffragists Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton by Adelaide Johnson. It was presented to Congress in 1921. In 1997 the National Political Congress of Black Women removed their support for exhibiting the piece beneath the Capital dome because it did not include Sojourner Truth, a black suffragist.
 (SFC, 3/8/96, p.A4)

1920  Isaac Babel (d.1940) wrote a wartime diary as he rode horseback with Budyonny’s First Cavalry Army as the Cossacks participated in the Bolshevik invasion of Poland. An essay on the diary was written by Cynthia Ozick in her 1996 book: "Fame & Folly."
 (WSJ, 5/22/96, p.A-18)

1920  William Dean Howells published his last novel "Vacation at the Kelwyn’s." In it he satirized the romances of the 1860s and 1870s.
 (SFEM, 6/28/98, p.37)

1920  Ernst Juenger (d.1998), German writer, published his first book "In Storms of Steel." The book glorified the horrors of WW I and put him in the rank of militant nationalists who writings helped pave the way for the Third Reich.
 (SFC, 2/18/98, p.A18)

1920  Sinclair Lewis (1865-1951) authored "Main Street."
 (WSJ, 1/18/02, p.W8)

1920  "The Story of Dr. Doolittle" by Hugh Lofting was published.
 (SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)

1920  Eugene O’Neill wrote his first full-length play "Beyond the Horizon."
 (WSJ, 1/21/98, p.A20)

1920  Ring Lardner and George S. Kaufman wrote the musical comedy "June Moon."
 (WSJ, 1/21/98, p.A20)

1920  The 1897 play, "Reigen," by Arthur Schnitzler had its premiere In Vienna. The name meant round dance and represented a circle of sexual encounters and was promptly closed down by police. A 1998 adaptation by David Hare featured Nicole Kidman and Ian Glen in "The Blue Room."
 (WSJ, 12/16/98, p.A21)

1920  George and Ira Gershwin began collaborating and wrote their first song "Waiting for the Sun to Come Out."
 (SFC, 12/4/96, p.E1)(SFEC, 8/16/98, DB p.38)

1920  The ballet "Pulcinella" by Igor Stravinsky had its premiere.
 (WSJ, 4/17/01, p.A18)

1920  The art-deco GM Building on West Grand Boulevard in Detroit was completed. In 1996 GM purchased the downtown Renaissance Center for $72 mil and planned to vacate its old headquarters.
 (WSJ, 5/17/96,p.B-2)

1920  Sara (b.1883) and Gerald Murphy rented a floor of the Hotel du Cap on the French Riviera for the summer while their villa was being built, and invited their friends, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Picasso, Marlene Dietrich, and the Windsors... Hemingway’s book, "A Moveable Feast," was a memoir on the Murphys. Fitzgerald’s characters of Dick and Nicole Diver in "Tender Is the Night" was based on the Murphys. In 1982 Calvin Tompkins published "Living Well is the Best Revenge." In 1983 Sara Murphy Donnelly (d.1998 at 81) authored "Sara and Gerald: Villa America and After." In 1998 Amanda Vaill published "Everybody Was So Young: Gerald and Sara Murphy—A Lost Generation Love Story."
 (CNT, Nov.,1994, p.219)(SFEC, 8/9/98, BR 9 p.9)(SFC, 12/25/98, p.B6)

1920  The Catholic Church recognized Joan of Arc as a saint.
 (WSJ, 1/23/96, p.A-12)

1920  NYC extended its subway from Manhattan to Coney Island.
 (SFEC, 7/26/98, Z1 p.8)

1920  The Steel Pier in Atlantic City, New Jersey, opened and was called "The World's Playground."
 (SSFC, 10/5/03, p.D12)

1920  Eastman Chemical Co. was founded in Kingsport, Tenn., as a unit of Eastman Kodak Co. It was spun off in 1994. In 1998 the company agreed to pay an $11 million fine for price-fixing on sorbates, a chemical used to keep food and beverages fresh.
 (SFC, 10/2/98, p.B6)

1920  The Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams was established by the Int’l. Astronomical Union. It was the official arbiter for comet nomenclature.
 (WSJ, 4/22/97, p.A1)

1920  Emile Coue (1857-1926), French pharmacist, devised the mantra "Every day, in every way, I’m getting better and better" to promote his theory of self-improvement through auto-suggestion. [2nd source says 1910]
 (NH, 7/98, p.20)(SFEC, 6/20/99, Z1 p.8)

1920  Henry Burt created the "Good Humor Bar," a chocolate covered ice cream bar. Good Humor trucks cruised America's streets until 1976 and the company merged with Breyer's Ice Cream in 1993.
 (SFEC,10/19/97, Z1 p.2)(WSJ, 7/16/99, p.W12)

1920  The Baby Ruth candy bar made its debut. It was named after Pres. Grover Cleveland's daughter.
 (SFC, 10/13/99, p.E7)

1920  Raymond "Chappie" Chapman, a shortstop for the Cleveland Indians baseball team, was killed by a pitched ball during a game against the NY Yankees.
 (SFC, 6/2/96, p.T-12)

1920  Lefty Grove, a Hall of Fame pitcher, was traded for a new outfield fence.
 (SFC, 1/17/98, p.C5)

1920  Bill Doak, a pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals, asked the Rawlings sporting goods company to design a glove with a piece of leather sewn between the thumb and forefinger.
 (WSJ, 4/1/02, p.A1)

1920  Louis Chevrolet won the Indianapolis 500 auto race.
 (WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(SFEC, 1/9/00, Z1 p.2)

1920  Golfers began wearing metal-spiked golf shoes as standard wear about this time.
 (Hem, 4/96, p.83)

1920  A midshipman in the Royal Navy helped evacuate Gen'l. Denikin’s White Army at the Black Sea port of Novorossik. The midshipman was the father of Neal Ascherson, author of "Black Sea," a broad historical work on the confrontation between civilization and barbarism over a 2,000 year period around the Black Sea.
 (WSJ, 12/27/95, p. A-8)

1920  The Democrats held their convention in San Francisco. James Cox of Ohio and running mate Franklin Delano Roosevelt were committed internationalists and lost due to the isolationism of the times.
 (Hem, 8/96, p.84)(WSJ, 1/29/98, p.A19)

1920  In the US the Mineral Leasing Act was established.
 (WSJ, 7/31/96, p.A15)

1920  The Dept. of labor established a Women’s Bureau.
 (SFEC, 11/24/96, Z1 p.3)

1920  The US Postal Service introduced the postage meter.
 (WSJ, 9/21/98, p.B1)

1920  Oregon re-instated the death penalty.
 (SFC, 9/6.96, p.A11)

1920  Julius Hammer, father of Armand Hammer, was sent to Sing Sing prison for killing a woman during a botched abortion. It was later asserted that the crime was actually committed by Armand.
 (SFC, 1/17/97, p.D7)

1920  Italian-born anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were arrested for the murders of two men during a robbery. They were executed in 1927. [see 8/23/27] (Sacco and Vanzetti were vindicated in 1977 by Massachusetts Gov. Michael S. Dukakis.)
 (HFA, ‘96, p.36)(TMC, 1994, p.1927)(AP, 8/23/97)

1920  Cecelia Cudahy Casserly of Hillsborough, Ca., was appointed Director of Women’s Relations for the Army by Sec. of War Newton Baker.
 (Ind, 4/7/01, 5A)

1920  Michigan set up the first four-way traffic signal.
 (WSJ, 5/8/97, p.A16)

1920  The Cowtown Coliseum in Fort Worth, Texas, hosted the world's 1st indoor rodeo.
 (SSFC, 8/3/03, p.C4)

1920  A Packard Twin-Six Town Car by Fleetwood was commissioned by the Atwater Kent family.
 (SFC, 7/21/96, p.D4)

1920  William Durant, a salesman who founded GM, lost control of GM for the 2nd time. He then started Durant Motors, but with no success. Pierre S. duPont became the president of GM.
 (WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)

1920  Harry Winston opened his diamond firm, Premier Diamond Company, at 537 Fifth Avenue in New York.
 (SFEM, 1/26/97, p.48)

1920  Westinghouse, General Electric and AT&T formed the RCA Corp. RCA was founded in 1919 with patents from GE and American Marconi.
 (SFC, 7/1/97, p.A14)(WSJ, 11/4/99, p.B6)

1920  The Mayo Clinic published research on how to grade the severity of tumors and helped to lay the foundation for modern cancer research.
 (SFC, 7/5/96, PM, p.5)

1920  Rural Canadian physician Dr. Frederick G. Banting first conceived the idea of extracting insulin from the pancreas. It took him and 3 others 8 months to develop the process.
 (HNPD, 1/23/99)(SFC, 7/1/00, p.B5)

1920  The chemical compound cyclonite, actually cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, was identified in Germany. It is more powerful than TNT and the British renamed it RDX for Research Department Explosive. It is the primary ingredient in plastic explosives such as C-3, C-4 and Semtex which also contains PETN, or pentaerythritol tetranitrate.
 (SFC, 8/31/96, p.A5)

1920  Leon Theremin invented the theremin musical instrument. He was a Russian inventor who invented the instrument made of vacuum tubes and oscillators in the 1920s in New York. He was later abducted by operators of Stalin and taken back to Moscow where he is forced to work on devices for the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs. It was an early electronic instrument with an eerie, sliding tone. The 1994 film "Theremin: An Electronic Odyssey," featured the instrument. Clara Rockmore (d.1998 at 88), born Clara Reisenberg in Vilnius, became a theremin virtuoso, and was the focus of the 1998 video documentary: "Clara Rockmore, The Greatest Theremin Virtuoso."
 (WSJ, 9/19/95, p.A20)(SFC, 5/12/98, p.A21)

1920  The Dalton Plan, a secondary education technique based on individual learning, was developed in Massachusetts. The plan grew out of the reaction of some progressive educators to the fact that students learned at different speeds. The Dalton Plan divided each subject in the curriculum into monthly assignments and the students had to finish one assignment before starting another.  They were given freedom in planning their work schedules and were encouraged to work in groups. Its popularity in the United States waned, but it gained influence in England and France.
 (HNQ, 9/8/00)

1920  David Mackenzie, dean of Detroit Junior College, was elected the first president of the American Association of Junior Colleges.
 (WSUAN, Winter 1997, p.7)

1920  S. Ansky (b.1863), Russian-Jewish journalist and playwright, died. In 2003 Joachim Neugroschel edited and translated "The Enemy at His Pleasure: A Journey Through the Jewish Pale of Settlement During World War I."
 (SSFC, 4/20/03, p.M4)

1920  John Francis Dodge (1864-1920) and his brother Horace Elgin (1868-1920) died. They had started with a bicycle company and evolved into a significant car company.
 (WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)

1920  The Republic of Armenia in order to stave off attacks by Turkey, turned the government over to the Communists and the Soviet Republic of Armenia came into being.
 (Compuserve Online Enc. / Armenia)

1920  In Belgium Godiva Chocolates, founded by Joseph Draps, began as a family business.
 (SFEC, 9/15/96, p.T9)

1920  In Burma students rebelled against British rule.
 (WSJ, 12/6/96, p.A1)

1920  In China Chao Shao-An, artist, became a student of Gao Qifeng. He mastered the technique of brush and ink on absorbent paper. His work included "Katydid and Weed" (1959); "Penglai Banana" (1964); "Vegetables" and "Autumn Colors" (1985); and "Cicada and Bamboo" (1971). He donated 80 works to the Asian Art Museum in SF in the 1990s.
 (SFC, 4/22/97, p.D1,2)

1920  England passed a Firearms Bill to regulate private use.
 (WSJ, 8/6/02, p.D6)

1920  The Brudorhof Church was founded in Germany. It was an offshoot of the Anabaptists and distantly related to the Amish. The church was expelled from Germany by the Nazis just before WW II and the group settled in the US Northeast. The church has about 2,100 members in the US and about 500 in England.
 (WSJ, 7/5/96, p.B1)

1920  Another Government of Ireland Act was passed by the British government. This act had a proviso that the reunification of Ireland was an ultimate goal.
 (WSJ,3/13/95, p.A-15)

1920   The Treaty of Trianon was forced upon Hungary by the victorious Allies after WWII and resulted in Hungary giving up nearly three-fourths of its territory to Romania, Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croat and Slovenes. Hungary lost more than half its population, including some 3 million Hungarians.
 (HNQ, 7/5/98)

1920  Hungary ceded the hills of Transylvania to Romania.
 (WSJ, 1/2/97, p.1)

1920  Kenya was made a crown colony.
 (SFC, 9/4/97, p.A10)

1920  During the Russian Civil War, Mongolia was invaded by a White Russian force of 5,000 men.
 (www.gobiexpeditions.com)

1920  The French carved Lebanon out of Syria to create a predominantly Christian country. A constitution was drawn up that required the president to be a Maronite Christian, the prime minister a Sunni Muslim, and the speaker of parliament a Shiite.
 (SFC, 9/28/98, p.A10)

1920  A treaty between Norway and Russia allowed Russia to pursue mining in the Svalbard islands at Spitsbergen.
 (WSJ, 9/19/97, p.A1)

1920s  The original Carter Family, A.P. Carter, Sarah Carter and sister-in-law Mother Maybelle Carter, began recording sessions that marked the beginning of the US country music industry.
 (SFC, 7/31/99, p.A17)

1920s  Rudolf von Laban invented a notation system, Labanotation, for choreographers.
 (SFC, 5/3/03, p.A21)

1920s  Fatty Arbuckle arrived in Lone Pine, Ca., to star in the film "The Roundup."
 (SFEC, 8/17/97, p.T3)

1920s  Artist Stephan Haweis (d.1966) drifted to Dominica. He made his home on Mount Joy near Soufriere. He painted in a Gauguin-like style and inspired other Dominican artists in his wake.
 (SFEC, 2/15/98, p.T7)

1920s  Music played on the khaen, a giant mouth organ containing 16 reed pipes was recorded. It is part of the assembled music of the CD series "The Secret Museum of Mankind - Ethnic Music Classics: 1925-1948," by Pat Conte on the Yazoo label.
 (NH, 6/97, p.66)

1920s  The Ludwig Black Beauty drums were produced.
 (Hem., 8/96, p.96)

1920s  SF founded the company town of Moccasin at Moccasin Creek when it bought land for a reservoir, powerhouse and tunnel to take the Tuolemne River water from Hetch Hetchy to SF.
 (SFEC, 9/14/97, Z1 p.4)

1920s  Gertrude Lintz raised a baby gorilla in New York in the 1920s. This was depicted in the 1997 drama film "Buddy." Her autobiography was titled: "Animals Are My Hobby." [second source says 1930s]
 (SFC, 6/6/97, p.D3)(SFEC, 6/8/97, DB p.53)

1920s  The Newton Boys were 4 brothers from rural Texas who became bank robbers in the early 1920s. They held up over 80 banks. The 1998 film "The Newton Boys" was based on their true story.
 (SFEC, 3/22/98, DB p.10)(SFC, 3/23/98, p.E2)(WSJ, 3/31/98, p.A20)

1920s  In the late 1920s the Cosa Nostra was formed with 24 crime families coast to coast. Each family had an identical paramilitary structure with a national commission that set rules and policies. This structure was not publicly revealed until the public testimony of Joe Valachi in 1964.
 (SFEC, 4/20/97, Par p.4)

1920s  John Roebling bought most of what is now Archibald Biological Station on the Lake Wales Ridge along Rt. 27 in Florida. He planned to build a wilderness estate with family funds accrued from cable construction (that included the building of the Brooklyn Bridge). [see Archibald 1941]
 (PacDisc, Spring ‘96, p.6)

1920s  Quota laws based on national origins were passed in the US to help stem immigration.
 (WSJ, 7/26/96, p.A9)

1920s  Elections in Plentywood, Montana, put Communists in control of local government.
 (WSJ, 10/16/98, p.W9)

1920s  Ford dealers under the direction of Henry Ford promoted and broadcast fiddle contests across the South and Midwest aimed at showcasing traditional American music.
 (WSJ, 6/25/98, p.A20)

1920s  Retail tycoon Marshall Field built the Merchandise Mart as a city within a city. The 25 floors of retail space was connected by underground railroad to other important places of commerce.
 (WSJ, 1/26/98, p.A1)

1920s  Pacific Mail Steamship Co. added San Francisco to New York routes.
 (WSJ, 5/28/96, p.R46)

1920s  The tractor made its debut on the American rural landscape and marked the beginning of the end for the need for horses as farm animals.
 (SFEC, 8/3/97, p.T5)

1920s  The garbage disposal, aka grinder, macerator or electric pig, was invented.
 (WSJ, 10/1/97, p.A1)

1920s  A handful of companies manufactured chewing gum made from chicle, a form of sapodilla tree sap that had been chewed in Belize, Guatemala and Mexico for centuries.
 (SFC, 1/13/98, p.A19)

1920s  Harvey Fletcher built the Western electric Model 2A hearing aid at the Research Division of Bell.
 (SFC, 7/26/00, p.D3)

1920s  Serge Voronoff, a Russian-French surgeon, transplanted the testicles of monkeys into ageing male celebrities in what came to be known as the Monkey Gland Affair.
 (WSJ, 9/5/01, p.A26)

1920s  An injectable cure was found for yaws.
 (SFC, 10/27/98, p.A4)

1920s  An oyster blight devastated the oysters in the SF Bay.
 (Hem., 1/97, p.92)

1920s  In Egypt the statue of Ramses II was found in Memphis, the ancient capital of Egypt, 15 miles from Cairo.
 (WSJ, 8/21/97, p.A12)

1920s  England’s King Edward VIII met Wallis Simpson at the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego.
 (Hem., 8/96, p.21)

1920s  Rene Lacoste (1904-1996), French tennis star, transformed his nickname "the crocodile" onto polo shirts around the world.
 (SFC, 10/14/96, p.A23)

1920s  In Argentina Serge Nekrassoff made pewter and copper pieces with or without enamel decoration. He moved to New York in 1925 and opened a workshop in Darien, Conn., in 1931. He moved to Florida with his son in 1952 and opened a shop called Serge S. Nekrassoff & Son where they made enameled giftware from aluminum, copper or pewter until 1979.
 (SFC,12/10/97, Z1 p.9)

1920s  In India British architect Edward Luyten built New Delhi in the late 20s.
 (Hem., 2/97, p.57)

1920s  In Mexico the "Cristero Wars" left several thousand Catholic lay people and priests killed for opposing landowning and political restrictions placed against the church.
 (WSJ, 11/22/96, p.A12)

1920s  In Russia Dziga Vertov created a cinematic mosaic of Moscow in his film "The Man With a Movie Camera."
 (SFEC, 2/2/97, DB. p.8)

1920s  In Turkey in the late 20s Constantinople was renamed Istanbul.
 (Sky, 4/97, p.58)

1920-1921 Arthur Meighen, Unionist Party, served as the 9th Prime Minister of Canada.
 (CFA, ‘96, p.81)

1920-1924 Helen Keller appeared onstage in a vaudeville act that was followed by a question-and-answer period.
 (SFEC, 8/16/98, BR p.3)
1920-1924 In Mexico Alvaro Obregon (1880-1928), general and statesman, served as president. Obregon was killed by an assassin, who pretended to do his portrait.
 (WUD, 1994, p.994)

1920-1925 Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith served as Prohibition agents in New York City for five years, often resorting to zany measures to put the pinch on speak-easy owners. From 1920 to 1932, the manufacture and sale of liquor was illegal in the United States, but the clandestine traffic of liquor was plentiful. The job of enforcing the law fell on 1,550 "Feds." Izzy and Moe, with their imagination and good humor, managed to take the credit for 20 percent of all Prohibition cases that came to trial in New York City. While their ruses and disguises earned them much success and notoriety, they also led to them being fired in 1925.
 (HNPD, 6/27/99)

1920-1925 In Paris, The Swedish Ballet, founded by Rolf de Mare, brought together painters, filmmakers, actors, dancers and composers in Paris. Designs by Ferdnand Leger, Francis Picabia, Pierre Bonnard and Giorgio de Chirico, music by Eric Satie, Darius Milhaud, Arthur Honegger and Cole Porter, and film by Rene Clair marked the performances. The choreography was by Jean Borlin.
 (SFC, 6/20/96, p.D1)(SFEM, 6/9/96, p.24-26)

c1920-1929 Henry C. Wallace, served under Presidents Harding and Coolidge as Secretary of Agriculture.
 (HN, 11/2/98)(HNQ, 8/28/99)

1920-1933 Joseph Roth, Austrian novelist, spent this period in Berlin. In 2002 his writings from this time were translated by Michael Hofmann and published as "What I Saw: Reports From Berlin 1920-1933." His later novel "The Radetzky March covered the waning days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
 (SSFC, 12/29/02, p.M3)

1920-1950 Fore people of Papua New Guinea were devastated by an epidemic of kuru, a brain-destroying disease caused by abnormal proteins called prions.
 (SFC, 4/11/03, p.A6)

1920-1955 Charlie Parker, aka "Bird," jazz saxophonist and composer.
 (WUD, 1994, p.1049)

1920-1940 Kaunas was the capital of Lithuania.
 (DrEE, 11/23/96, p.4)

1920-1946 Syria was a French-mandated territory.
 (SFC, 7/18/98, p.A11)

1920-1990s In NYC 5 mob organizations dominated the Mafia. The Lucchese Cosa Nostra was founded by Gaetano Lucchese. In 1998 Ernest Volkman published "Gangbusters: The Destruction of America’s Last Great Mafia Dynasty."
 (SFEC, 8/9/98, BR 9 p.4)

1920-1994 Amy Clampitt, American poet. Her collected works from 5 books were published in 1997 as: "The Collected Poems of Amy Clampitt."
 (WSJ, 11/7/97, p.A17)

1920s-1950s Louis Armstong recorded with Decca. The album "Highlights From Louis Armstong’s Decca Years" resulted.
 (SFC, 7/4/97, p.D9)

1921  Jan 1, The Cal Bears beat Ohio State 28-0.
 (SFEC, 12/26/99, p.W7)

1921  Jan 2, Religious services were first broadcast on radio when KDKA aired the regular Sunday service of Pittsburgh's Calvary Episcopal Church.
 (AP, 1/2/00)

1921  Jan 3, John Russell actor: Forever Amber, Rio Bravo, Pale Rider, was born.
 (440 Int'l. 1/3/99)
1921  Jan 3, Italy halted the issue of passports to those emigrating to the U.S.
 (HN, 1/3/99)

1921  Jan 4, Congress overrode President Wilson’s veto, reactivating the War Finance Corps to aid struggling farmers.
 (HN, 1/4/99)

1921  Jan 5, Wagner’s "Die Walkyrie" opened in Paris. This was the first German opera performed in Paris since the beginning of WWI.
 (HN, 1/5/99)

1921  Jan 6, The U.S. Navy ordered the sale of 125 flying boats to encourage commercial aviation.
 (HN, 1/6/99)

1921  Jan 21, Barney Clark, the 1st person to receive a permanent artificial heart, was born.
 (MC, 1/21/02)
1921  Jan 21, J.D. Rockefeller pledged $1 million for the relief of Europe's destitute.
 (HN, 1/21/99)

1921  Jan 23, Marija Alseika-Gimbutas, archeologist and pre-historian, was born in Vilnius. She died in LA, Ca., on Feb 2, 1994.
 (LHC, 1/23/03)

1921  Jan 25, Karel Capek's "RUR," premiered in Prague.
 (MC, 1/25/02)

1921  Jan 26, Akio Morita (d.1999), CEO of Sony Corp., was born in Kasugaya, Japan.
 (MC, 1/26/02)

1921  Jan 28, Albert Einstein startled Berlin by suggesting the possibility of measuring the universe.
 (HN, 1/28/99)

1921  Jan 29, A hurricane hit Washington and Oregon.
 (MC, 1/29/02)

1921  Jan 31, Carol Channing, actress (Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Hello Dolly), was born.
 (MC, 1/31/02)
1921  Jan 31, Mario Lanza (d.1959), actor, singer (Great Caruso, Toast of New Orleans), was born in Philadelphia.
 (MC, 1/31/02)

1921  Feb 2, Airmail service opened between New York and San Francisco. [see Sep 8, 1920]
 (HN, 2/2/99)

1921  Feb 4, Betty Friedan, writer, feminist, was born. She founded the National Organization of Women in 1966.
 (HN, 2/4/01)

1921  Feb 5, John M. Pritchard, conductor, was born in London, England.
 (MC, 2/5/02)
1921  Feb 5, Yankees purchased 20 acres in Bronx for Yankee Stadium.
 (MC, 2/5/02)

1921  Feb 6, The film "The Kid," starring Charlie Chaplin & Jackie Coogan, was released.
 (MC, 2/6/02)

1921  Feb 8, Pjotr A. Kropotkin (78), Russian ruler, anarchist, died.
 (MC, 2/8/02)

1921  Feb 12, Winston Churchill of London was appointed colonial secretary.
 (HN, 2/12/97)
1921  Feb 12, Soviet troops invaded neighboring Georgia.
 (MC, 2/12/02)

1921  Feb 14, In the "Gasoline Alley" cartoon by Frank O. King, Skeezix was left as a newborn on Walt’s doorstep.
 (WSJ, 6/20/01, p.A1)
1921  Feb 14, The Little Review faced obscenity charges in NY for publishing "Ulysses" by James Joyce.
 (MC, 2/14/02)

1921  Feb 18, British troops occupied Dublin.
 (MC, 2/18/02)

1921  Feb 19, Claude Rene Georges Pascal, composer, was born.
 (MC, 2/19/02)
1921  Feb 19, The U.S. Red Cross reported that approximately 20,000 children died yearly in auto accidents.
 (HN, 2/19/98)

1921  Feb 20, Riza Khan Pahlevi seized control of Iran. Pahlevi marched into Tehran with 2,500 soldiers and took over the government. Five years later he was crowned Shah and placed the crown upon his head with his own hands, as did Napoleon.
 (NG, Sept. 1939, p.330)(MC, 2/20/02)

1921  Feb 22, Jean-Bedel Bokassa, dictator Central African Republic, was born.
 (MC, 2/22/02)

1921  Feb 23, The 1st transcontinental airmail plane set a record of 33 hours and 20 minutes from San Francisco to New York.
 (HN, 2/23/98)(MC, 2/23/02)

1921  Feb 24, Herbert Hoover became Secretary of Commerce.
 (HN, 2/24/98)

1921  Feb 26, Betty Hutton, actress (Greatest Show on Earth), was born in Battle Creek, MI.
 (SC, 2/26/02)

1921  Mar 1, Richard Wilbur, 2nd US Poet Laureate, Pulitzer Prize winning poet and translator, was born.
 (HN, 3/1/01)(SC, 3/1/02)
1921   Mar 1, The Allies rejected a $7.5 billion reparations offer in London. German delegations decided to quit all talks.
 (HN, 3/1/98)
1921  Mar 1, Rwanda was ceded to England.
 (SC, 3/1/02)
1921  Mar 1, Sailors revolted in Kronstadt, Russia.
 (SC, 3/1/02)

1921  Mar 3, Allen Ginsberg, beat generation poet (1969 Arts and Letters Award), was born.
 (SC, 3/3/02)
1921  Mar 3, Toronto's Dr. Banting and Dr. Best announced their discovery of insulin. [see Jul 27]
 (SC, 3/3/02)

1921  Mar 4, Warren G. Harding was sworn in as America’s 29th President. By the time Pres. Woodrow Wilson left office, the top tax rate was 77%.
 (HN, 3/4/98)(WSJ, 9/25/02, p.D8)
1921  Mar 4, Hot Springs National Park was created in Arkansas.
 (SC, 3/4/02)

1921  Mar 6, Julius Rudel, conductor (NYC Opera), was born in Vienna, Austria.
 (MC, 3/6/02)
1921  Mar 6, The National Association of Moving Picture Industry announced their intention to censor U.S. movies.
 (HN, 3/6/98)
1921  Mar 6, Police in Sunbury, Penn., issued an edict requiring Women to wear skirts at least 4 inches below the knee.
 (MC, 3/6/02)

1921  Mar 7, Red Army under Trotsky attacked the sailors of Kronstadt.
 (MC, 3/7/02)

1921  Mar 8, Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato was assassinated while leaving Parliament in Madrid.
 (HN, 3/8/98)

1921  Mar 8, French troops occupied Dusseldorf.
 (HN, 3/8/98)

1921  Mar 13, Mongolia (formerly Outer Mongolia) declared independence from China.
 (HN, 3/13/98)(MC, 3/13/02)

1921  Mar 16, Britain signed a bilateral trade agreement with Russia.
 (HN, 3/16/98)

1921  Mar 17, Dr Marie Stopes opened Britain's 1st birth control clinic in London.
 (MC, 3/17/02)
1921  Mar 17, Lenin proclaimed New Economic Politics.
 (MC, 3/17/02)

1921  Mar 18, Steamer "Hong Koh" ran aground off Swatow China killing 1,000.
 (MC, 3/18/02)

1921  Mar 21, Arthur Grumiaux, Belgian violinist, was born.
 (MC, 3/21/02)
1921  Mar 21, Herbert Hoover, U.S. Secretary of Commerce opposed all trade with Russia.
 (HN, 3/21/98)
1921  Mar 21, "Big Jim" Colisimo, US gangster, was murdered by Al Capone.
 (MC, 3/21/02)

1921  Mar 23, Arthur G. Hamilton set a new parachute record, safely jumping 24,400 feet.
 (HN, 3/23/98)

1921  Mar 25, Simone Signoret, (Casque d'Or, Room at the Top), was born in Wiesbaden, Germany.
 (MC, 3/25/02)

1921  Mar 28, President Harding named William Howard Taft as chief justice of the U.S. Taft (72), 27th president of the United States (1909-1913), served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1921 until illness forced him to resign in 1930. [see Jun 30]
 (AP, 3/8/98)(HN, 3/28/98)(HNQ, 12/10/98)(MC, 3/8/02)

1921  Mar 30, Countess of Sutherland, English great land owner, multi-millionaire, was born.
 (MC, 3/30/02)

1921  Mar 31, Albert Einstein lectured in NY on his new theory of relativity. [see Apr 2]
 (MC, 3/31/02)
1921  Mar 31, Great Britain declared a state of emergency because of the thousands of coal miners on strike.
 (HN, 3/31/98)

1921  Mar, Ceremonies at the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National Cemetery have been an important part of America's Memorial Day observance since March 1921, when Congress provided for the burial of an unidentified American soldier from World War I in that place of honor. Soldiers from World War II, Korean and Vietnam wars are also interred at the Tomb of the Unknowns.
 (HNPD, 5/31/99)

1921  Apr 2, Prof. Albert Einstein lectured in NYC on his new theory of relativity. [see Mar 31]
 (MC, 4/2/02)

1921  Apr 8, Betty Bloomer Ford, first lady to President Gerald Ford, was born.
 (HN, 4/8/99)

1921  Apr 9, Russo-Polish conflict ended with the signing of the Riga Treaty.
 (HN, 4/9/98)

1921  Apr 10, Chuck Connors, actor (Rifleman, Branded, Cowboy in Africa), was born in Brooklyn, NY. He later auditioned for the Chicago Cubs with Fidel Castro and played for them for a while.
 (MC, 4/10/02)

1921  Apr 11, Iowa became the first state to impose a cigarette tax.
 (AP, 4/11/97)

1921  Apr 15, Georgi Timofeyevich Beregovoi, USSR cosmonaut (Soyuz 3), was born.
 (MC, 4/15/02)
1921  Apr 15, The Black Friday Labour Party strike of mine workers failed.
 (MC, 4/15/02)

1921  Apr 16, Peter Ustinov, actor (Death on Nile, Logan's Run, Billy Budd), was born in London.
 (MC, 4/16/02)

1921  Apr 18, Junior Achievement, created to encourage business skills in young people, was incorporated.
 (AP, 4/18/97)

1921  Apr 26, The first weather news was aired by station WEW in St. Louis, Mo.
 (440 Int’l. Internet, 4/26/97, p.1)

1921  Apr 30, Pope Benedict XV issued his encyclical "On Dante."
 (MC, 4/30/02)

1921  May 2, Satyajit Ray, Indian film director (Aparajito, The World of Apu), was born.
 (HN, 5/2/02)

1921  May 3, West Virginia imposed the first state sales tax.
 (AP, 5/3/97)

1921  May 8, Sweden abolished capital punishment.
 (MC, 5/8/02)

1921  May 10, Nancy Walker, Bounty ads, actress (Rhoda, McMillan & Wife), was born in Philadelphia.
 (MC, 5/10/02)
1921  May 10, Luigi Pirandello's "Sei Personaggi in Cerca d'Autore" (Six Characters in Search of an Author), premiered.
 (MC, 5/10/02)

1921  May 11, Tel Aviv became the 1st all Jewish municipality.
 (MC, 5/11/02)

1921  May 12, Farley Mowat, Canadian nature writer (Never Cry Wolf), was born.
 (HN, 5/12/01)

1921  May 14, Mussolini's fascists won 29 parliament seats.
 (MC, 5/14/02)

1921  May 17, Pres. Harding opened the 1st Valencia Orange Show via telephone.
 (MC, 5/17/02)

1921  May 19, Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act, which established national quotas for immigrants entering the United States.
 (AP, 5/19/97)(DTnet, 5/19/97)

1921  May 21, Andrei Sakharov, Russian physicist, was born. He is known as "the father of the Soviet H-bomb" and was the first recipient of the 1975 Nobel Peace Prize.
 (HN, 5/21/99)

1921  May 23, James [Benjamin] Blish, US-UK sci-fi author (Hugo,  Black Easter, Star Trek Reader), was born.
 (MC, 5/23/02)

1921  May 25, Hal David, lyricist (Promises Promises-Grammy 1969), was born.
 (SC, 5/25/02)

1921  May 27, Caryl Chessman, kidnapper who got death penalty in 1960, was born.
 (MC, 5/27/02)
1921  May 27, Afghanistan achieved sovereignty after 84 years of British control.
 (MC, 5/27/02)

1921  May 29, James Clifton, actor (Live & Let Die), was born in Spokane, WA.
 (SC, 5/29/02)
1921  May 29, Clifton James, actor (Buster & Billie, David & Lisa), was born in NYC.
 (SC, 5/29/02)

1921  May 30, U.S. Navy transferred Teapot Dome oil reserves to the Department of Interior.
 (HN, 5/30/98)
1921  May 30, Salzburg, Austria, voted to join Germany.
 (MC, 5/30/02)

1921  May 31, American Lithuanians gave Pres. Harding a million signatures requesting de jure recognition of Lithuania.
 (LC, 1998, p.16)
1921  May 31, A major race riot broke out in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Greenwood, the black section of town, was burned. In 1997 Jewell Parker Rhodes wrote the novel "Magic City" based on this event. As many as 10,000 white men and boys attacked the black community and 35 blocks of the black business district were burned with participation by police officers and a local unit of the National Guard. Some 200-300 people were believed to have been killed. In 2000 the Tulsa Race Riot Commission recommended that reparations be paid to survivors of the riots. In 2001 a final state commission recommended that reparations be paid to survivors and their descendants.
 (NPR, 5/31/96)(SFEC, 6/29/97, BR p.3)(SFC, 8/10/99, p.A2)(SFC, 2/5/00, p.A3)(SFC, 3/1/01, p.A4)

1921  Jun 1, A race riot erupted in Tulsa, Oklahoma, killing 85 people (21 whites & 60 blacks killed). [see May 31, 1921]
 (HN, 6/1/98)(MC, 6/1/02)

1921  Jun 10, Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince, Consort of Elizabeth II, was born in Greece.
 (MC, 6/10/02)

1921  Jun 12, President Harding urged every young man to attend military training camp.
 (HN, 6/12/98)

1921  Jun 19, Howell Heflin, senator from Alabama, was born.
 (HN, 6/19/98)
1921  Jun 19, Turks and Christians of Palestine signed a friendship treaty against Jews.
 (MC, 6/19/02)

1921  Jun 21, U.S. Army Air Service pilots bombed the captured German battleship Ostfriesland to demonstrate the effectiveness of aerial bombing on warships. At the time, the ship was one of the world’s largest war vessels. Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, assistant chief of the Army Air Service, arranged the demonstration to prove that air power should become the country’s first line of defense.
 (HNPD, 6/22/98)

1921  Jun 22, Joseph Papp, theater director and producer, founder of the New York Public Theatre and Shakespeare-in-the-Park, was born.
 (HN, 6/22/01)

1921  Jun 25, Samuel Gompers was elected head of the AFL for the 40th time.
 (HN, 6/25/98)

1921  Jun 28, A coal strike in Great Britain was settled after three months.
 (HN, 6/28/98)

1921  Jun 30, President Harding appointed former President Taft chief justice of the United States. Republican William Howard Taft served to 1930. [see Mar 28]
 (AP, 6/30/97)(WSJ, 3/11/98, p.A20)

1921  Jul 2, J. Andrew White announced the Dempsey-Carpentier fight in Jersey City and was thereby credited with being the first professional radio announcer. Dempsey defeated Georges Carpentier of France in the 1st million dollar gate ($1.7m) boxing match.
 (SFC, 7/20/96, p.E4)(SFC, 10/14/99, p.C5)(SC, 7/2/02)

1921  Jul 3, Francois-Arnold Reichenbach, documentary filmmaker, was born.
 (HN, 7/3/01)

1921  Jul 6, Nancy Reagan, wife of President Ronald Reagan, was born.
 (HN, 7/6/98)

1921  Jul 8, Great Britain and Ireland agreed to end hostilities after centuries of strife. Southern Ireland was granted independence and 6 counties in Northern Ireland remained part of the UK.
 (SFC, 10/14/99, p.C5)

1921  Jul 11, Mongolia gained independence from China (National Day).
 (PGA, 12/9/98)

1921  Jul 13, Ernest Gold, composer, was born.
 (MC, 7/13/02)
1921  Jul 13, Charles Scribner Jr., music publisher (Scribner), was born.
 (MC, 7/13/02)

1921  Jul 14, Italian anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were convicted for the May 5, 1920 killing of a paymaster and guard at a shoe factory in South Braintree, Massachusetts. Many claimed there was unsubstantial evidence and that the two were tried for their radical views rather than any crime. A defense committee secured a stay of their death sentences and the cause of Sacco and Vanzetti grew around the world. In 1927 a commission appointed by the governor of Massachusetts examined the conduct and evidence of the trial and sustained the verdict. Sacco and Vanzetti were put to death in the electric chair on August 23, 1927.
 (HNQ, 4/26/00)

1921  Jul 16, The Chicago Black Sox Trial for throwing the 1919 World Series began.
 (MC, 7/16/02)

1921  Jul 18, John Glenn, Jr., first man to orbit the Earth, was born in Cambridge, OH.
 (HN, 7/18/98)(MC, 7/18/02)

1921  Jul 21, Billy Taylor, jazz pianist, was born.
 (HN, 7/21/02)
1921  Jul 21, Gen. Billy Mitchell flew off with a payload of makeshift aerial bombs and sank the former German battle ship Ostfriesland off Hampton Roads, Virginia; the 1st time a battleship was ever sunk by an airplane.
 (MC, 7/21/02)

1921  Jul 27, Canadians Sir Frederick Banting and Charles Best isolated insulin at the University of Toronto.
 (HN, 7/27/01)

1921  Jul 29, Adolf Hitler became the president of the Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazis).
 (HN, 7/29/98)

1921  Jul 31, Whitney Young, Jr., civil rights leader and executive director of the National Urban League, was born.
 (HN, 7/31/98)

1921  Aug 2, A jury in Chicago acquitted several former members of the Chicago White Sox baseball team and two others of conspiring to defraud the public in the notorious "Black Sox" scandal.
 (AP, 8/2/01)
1921  Aug 2, Opera singer Enrico Caruso (b.1873) died in Naples, Italy. The body of the great tenor Enrico Caruso was entombed for 6 years in a transparent coffin.
 (SFC, 5/25/96, p.B4)(AP, 8/2/00)(MC, 8//02)

1921  Aug 3, Baseball commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis refused to reinstate the former Chicago White Sox players implicated in the "Black Sox" scandal, despite their acquittals on a technicality in a jury trial.
 (AP, 8/3/01)(SC, 8/3/02)

1921  Aug 5, The first radio broadcast of a baseball game took place in Pittsburgh.
 (WSJ, 10/15/98, p.B8)

1921  Aug 10, Franklin D. Roosevelt (39) was stricken with polio at his summer home on the Canadian island of Campobello. Mrs. Roosevelt acted as her partially paralyzed husband’s eyes and ears by traveling, observing and reporting her observations to him. As First Lady, an author and newspaper columnist and, later, a delegate to the United Nations, Eleanor Roosevelt labored tirelessly for the poor and disadvantaged. In the words of historian John Kenneth Galbraith, she showed "more than any other person of her time, that an American could truly be a world citizen."
 (AP, 8/10/97)(HNPD, 10//99)

1921  Aug 11, Alex Haley, genealogist and author of "Roots," was born.
 (HN, 8/10/98)

1921  Aug 19, Gene Roddenberry, television writer and producer, best known for the series "Star Trek," was born in El Paso, Texas.
 (HN, 8/19/98)(MC, 8/19/02)

1921  Aug 25, Brian Moore, Irish novelist, was born. His work included "The Lonely Passion of Judith Hearne."
 (HN, 8/25/00)
1921  Aug 25, The United States, which never ratified the Versailles Treaty ending World War I, finally signed a peace treaty with Germany.
 (AP, 8/25/97)(HN, 8/25/98)

1921  Aug 27, J.E. Clair of Acme Packing Co. of Green Bay was granted an NFL franchise.
 (MC, 8/27/02)

1921  Sep 8, Margaret Gorman of Washington, D.C., was crowned the first Miss America in Atlantic City, N.J.
 (AP, 9/8/97)(HN, 9/8/98)

1921  Sep 13, Ludwig-Alexander von Battenberg [Mountbatten], WW I admiral, died at 67.
 (MC, 9/13/01)

1921  Sep 14, Constance Baker Motley, first African-American women to be appointed a federal judge, was born.
 (HN, 9/14/98)

1921  Sep 18, John Glenn, astronaut, was born. [see Jul 18]
 (MC, 9/18/01)

1921  Sep 21, Pope Benedictus XV donated 1 million lire to feed Russians.
 (MC, 9/21/01)
1921  Sep 21, In Oppau, Germany, an explosion at the Bradishe Aniline chemical works, a nitrate manufacturing plant, destroyed the plant and a nearby village with 561 deaths and over 1500 persons injured.
 (HSAB, 1994, p.46)(MC, 9/21/01)

1921  Sep 27, Engelbert Humperdinck, German opera composer (Hansel & Gretel), died.
 (MC, 9/27/01)

1921  Oct 4, League of Nations refused to assist starving Russians.
 (MC, 10/4/01)

1921  Oct 5, The World Series was broadcast on radio for the first time.
 (AP, 10/5/97)

1921  Oct 12, The cruise ship City of Honolulu caught fire sailing from Honolulu to Long Beach. All on board were rescued.
 (SFC, 9/21/99, p.E4)

1921  Oct 13, The Daily Colonist in Victoria BC mentioned the term "cold turkey" in reference to quitting an addiction. This was the first know use of the term in print.
 (SFEC, 1/25/98, Z1 p.8)
1921  Oct 13, In the Treaty of Kars Turkey formally recognized the Armenian Soviet Republic.
 (EWH, 4th ed, p.1086)
1921  Oct 13, Yves Montand, Franch actor and singer (Z, Napoleon, Grand Prix), was born.
 (MC, 10/13/01)

1921  Oct 15, Mario Puzo, novelist (Godfather, Cotton Club, Earthquake), was born in NYC. [see Oct 15, 1920]
 (MC, 10/15/01)

1921  Oct 18, Russian Soviets granted Crimean independence.
 (HN, 10/18/98)

1921  Oct 21, Malcolm Arnold, composer (Bridge over River Kwai), was born in Northampton, England.
 (MC, 10/21/01)

1921  Oct 23, Green Bay Packers played their 1st NFL game. They won 7-6 over Minneapolis.
 (MC, 10/23/01)
1921  Oct 23, Leos Janacek (1854-1928) completed his opera "Katya Kabanov," and it premiered in Brno. It was inspired by Alexander Ostrovsky’s mid 19th century play "The Storm."
 (WSJ, 1/3/96, p.A7)(WSJ, 1/16/98, p.A12)(MC, 10/23/01)

1921  Oct 25, Bat Masterson (b.1853) died in NYC.
 (MesWP)

1921  Oct 29, Bill Maudlin, American political cartoonist whose GI "Willie" and "Joe" characters appeared in Stars and Stripes newspapers, was born in New Mexico. He won Pulitzer Prizes in 1945 and 1959.
 (HN, 10/29/98)(MC, 10/29/01)

1921  Nov 2, Fernando Correia de Oliveira, composer, was born.
 (MC, 11/2/01)
1921  Nov 2, Eugene O'Neill's "Anna Christie," premiered in NYC.
 (MC, 11/2/01)
1921  Nov 2, Margaret Sanger and Mary Ware Dennett formed the American Birth Control League.
 (HN, 11/2/98)

1921  Nov 3, Charles Bronson (d.2003), [Buchinsky], actor (Death Wish, Dirty Dozen), was born in Pennsylvania.
 (SFC, 9/1/03, p.A2)
1921  Nov 3, Milk drivers on strike dumped thousands of gallons of milk on New York City streets.
 (HN, 11/3/98)

1921  Nov 4, Takasji Hara, premier of Japan, was murdered.
 (MC, 11/4/01)

1921  Nov 5, Gyorgy Cziffra, Hungarian-French pianist, was born.
 (MC, 11/5/01)

1921  Nov 6, James Jones, American novelist, was born. His work included "From Here to Eternity."
 (HN, 11/6/00)

1921  Nov 7, Benito Mussolini declared himself to be leader of the National Fascist Party.
 (HN, 11/7/98)

1921  Nov 9, In Italy Mussolini formed the Partito Nazionalista Fascista.
 (MC, 11/9/01)

1921  Nov 11, President Harding dedicated the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery. The unknown soldier was buried in Virginia’s Arlington National Cemetery on Armistice Day. He had been taken from an American cemetery in France.
 (SFC, 5/27/96, p.B8)(AP, 11/11/97)(HN, 11/11/98)

1921  Nov 12, Representatives of nine nations gathered for the start of the Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments.
 (AP, 11/12/97)

1921  Nov 13, "Sheik," starring Rudolph Valentino, was released.
 (MC, 11/13/01)

1921  Nov 14, The Cherokee Indians asked the U.S. Supreme Court to review their claim to 1 million acres of land in Texas.
 (HN, 11/14/98)

1921  Nov 18, New York City considered varying work hours to avoid long traffic jams.
 (HN, 11/18/98)

1921  Nov 19, Roy Campanella, baseball star, was born.
 (HN, 11/19/98)

1921  Nov 21, Geza Anda, Hungarian-Swiss pianist, was born.
 (MC, 11/21/01)

1921  Nov 22, Rodney Dangerfield, [John Cohen], comedian (Caddyshack), was born in Babylon, NY.
 (MC, 11/22/01)

1921  Nov 23, President Harding signed the Willis Campell Act, better known as the anti-beer bill. It forbade doctors to prescribe beer or liquor for medicinal purposes.
 (HN, 11/23/98)

1921  Nov 24, John V. Lindsay, (Mayor-R/D-NY, 1965-73), was born.
 (MC, 11/24/01)

1921  Nov 25, Hirohito became regent of Japan.
 (HN, 11/25/98)

1921  Nov 27, Alexander Dubcek (d.1992), headed Czech Communist Party (1968-69), was born.
 (MC, 11/27/01)

1921   Nov, Yugoslav troops invaded Albania; The League of Nations commission forced Yugoslav withdrawal and reaffirmed Albania's 1913 borders.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1921  Dec 1, The 1st US helium-filled dirigible made its 1st flight. [see Dec 2]
 (MC, 12/1/01)

1921  Dec 2, The first successful helium dirigible, C-7, made a test flight in Portsmouth, Va. [see Dec 1]
 (HN, 12/2/98)

1921  Dec 5, The British Empire reached an accord with Sinn Fein; Ireland was to become a free state.
 (HN, 12/5/98)

1921  Dec 6, James Showan, a wealthy NY shipbuilder, was arrested after his palatial yacht was seized off the California coast with more than 100 cases of whiskey.
 (SFC, 10/14/99, p.C5)
1921  Dec 6, Ireland’s 26 southern counties became independent from Britain forming the Irish Free State. The partition created Northern Ireland. [see Jul 8]
 (HN, 12/6/00)(MC, 12/6/01)

1921  Dec 8, Eamon de Valera publicly repudiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty.
 (MC, 12/8/01)

1921  Dec 21, Supreme Court ruled labor injunctions and picketing unconstitutional.
 (MC, 12/21/01)

1921  Dec 23, President Harding freed Socialist Eugene Debs and 23 other political prisoners. Debs, a socialist, had run a campaign for the presidency from jail and got 920,000 votes.
 (HN, 12/23/98)(SFEC, 3/19/00, Z1 p.2)

1921  Dec 26, Steve Allen comedian, author, musician, composer, TV host, was born: The Tonight Show, The Steve Allen Show; films: The Benny Goodman Story, cameo with wife Jayne Meadows: Casino.
 (440.com)

1921  Dec 29, Sears, Roebuck President, Julius Rosenwald, pledged $20 million of his personal fortune to help Sears through hard times.
 (HN, 12/29/98)

1921  Dec, In Albania the Popular Party, led by Xhafer Ypi, formed a government with Ahmet Zogu as minister of internal affairs.
 (www, Albania, 1998)

1921  Pierre Bonnard painted "The Open Window." He is known for his intimate interiors and vivid outdoor scenes.
 (WSJ, 9/1/00, p.W2)

1921  Arthur Dove painted "Thunderstorm."
 (WSJ, 3/6/98, p.A13)

1921  Paul Klee painted "View of Room With the Dark Door" and "Dream City."
 (WSJ, 9/13/96, p.A8)

1921  Ferdnand Leger painted "Woman With a Cat."
 (SFC, 11/26/96, p.D5)

1921  Sir Alfred Munnings painted a portrait of Edward, Prince of Wales, astride his mare Forest Witch. It sold for $2.3 million in 1998.
 (SFC, 2/24/98, p.A2)

1921  Florine Stettheimer painted her work "Spring Sale at Bendel’s." It was later acquired by the NYC Whitney Museum.

1921  W.B. Yeats published his "Michael Robertes and the Dancer," it contains his well known 1919 poem "The Second Coming."
 (SFEC, 10/31/99, BR p.7)

1921  Mary Clarissa Miller, pen name Agatha Christie, published her 1st novel.
 (SFC, 10/14/99, p.C5)

1921  Sheila Kaye-Smith wrote her novel "Joanna Godden."
 (SFEC, 11/17/96, DB p.40)

1921  Edith Wharton won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel "Age of Innocence."
 (SSFC, 1/14/01, BR p.8)

1921  The African Theatre, the first black company in the US, opened with "Richard III" in New York.
 (SFEC, 2/9/97, p.C15)

1921  H. Leivick wrote his Yiddish play "The Golem." It was translated to English in 1966.
 (WSJ, 4/17/02, p.D7)

1921  Eugene O’Neill wrote his expressionist drama "The Hairy Ape," about a boiler stoker on a transatlantic liner.
 (WSJ, 4/4/97, p.A7)(WM, www,1999)

1921  Paul Robeson went on stage for the first time on an invitation by Eugene O’Neill to star in "All God’s Chillun Got Wings."
 (WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)

1921  Sabato "Simon" Rodia, Italian immigrant and cement finisher, began a project in Los Angeles that later became known as the Watts Towers. He worked on the towers for 33 and then deeded the property to a neighbor.
 (WSJ, 10/16/01, p.A24)

1921  The Motion Picture and Television Fund Country House in Woodland Hills, Ca., was founded by Mary Pickford, D.W. Griffith, Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks as a retirement home for film stars.
 (SFEC, 10/5/97, Par p.4)

1921  Ted Snyder wrote the hit song "Sheik of Araby."
 (WSJ, 6/3/03, p.D5)

1921  The John Burroughs Association was founded to perpetuate the memory of this American naturalist. It maintains his home, Slabsides, as a sanctuary in West Park, New York.
 (Nat. Hist., 4/96, p.80)

1921  The PEN organization of authors, editors and translators was founded to promote free expression.
 (SFEC, 4/10/00, p.B6)

1921  See’s Candies opened in Los Angeles.
 (SFC, 10/8/97, Z1 p.8)

1921  The Phillips Collection in Washington DC was established and called itself America’s first museum of modern art. Duncan Phillips and his wife Marjorie were among the first private collectors of modern art.
 (SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ, 11/17/99, p.A20)

1921  The Power family in Vacaville, Ca. opened a roadside produce stand on I-80 that grew into the Nut Tree Restaurant. The restaurant and adjoining 160 acre site went up for sale in 1996.
 (SFC, 6/4/96, p.C3)

1921  Lloyd Olds, a Detroit referee, came up with vertically striped black and white shirts for sports officials.
 (SFC, 12/28/96, p.C4)

1921  Anatole France (d.1924), French satiric master (Penguin Island, Revolt of the Angels, Thais), won the Nobel Prize in Literature.
 (WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)

1921  Frederick Soddy (b.1877) received the Nobel prize for chemistry.
 (HN, 9/2/98)

1921  Pres. Warren Harding went on a Maryland camping trip with Henry Ford, Thomas Edison and Harvey Firestone.
 (SFC, 3/22/97, p.E8)

1901  The US Army did not bother with laundry facilities until this time. The enlisted man was left to take care of his laundry as best as possible. Mobile field laundries were built during WW I. In 1998 a $400,000, 14-ton, mobile washing machine called LADS was unveiled.
 (USAT, 5/4/98, p.3A)

1921  State statute 6604 was passed in Idaho that stated "any unmarried person who shall have sex with an unmarried person of the opposite sex shall be found guilty of fornication."
 (WSJ, 7/8/96, p.A1)

1921  The Martin Act was adopted in NY state under Gov. Al Smith in response to numerous security fraud scandals. It was named after legislator Francis J. Martin, who later became a state court judge. It provided a model for the 1934 federal statute that created the US Securities and Exchange Commission.
 (WSJ, 10/2/02, p.C1)

1921  North Dakota Republican Gov. Lynn Frazier was recalled in the midst of an agricultural recession. Frazier was elected to the US Senate in 1922 and served for 18 years.
 (SSFC, 6/28/03, p.A1)

1921  Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, film comedian, was charged with the murder of actress Virginia Rappe. In 1923 he was acquitted of a reduced charge of manslaughter.
 (SFC, 5/6/03, p.A17)

1921  The editors of the Little Review were convicted for obscenity for publishing an excerpt from "Ulysses" by James Joyce.
 (WSJ, 4/29/98, p.A20)

1921  Adman Frederick Barnard dreamed up the slogan "One picture is worth a thousand words," and falsely called it to an old Chinese proverb.
 (SFC, 12/31/00, WB p.2)

1921  DuPont reorganized along product lines. The multidivisional format soon became a standard in America.
 (WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R46)

1921  Ford’s car production comprised nearly 56% of the total output.
 (WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)

1921  The International Harvester S was the first truck called a pickup.
 (SFEC, 1/5/97, Z1 p.2)

1921  The Hearst Corp. acquired the Seattle Post-Intelligencer newspaper.
 (SFC, 8/7/99, p.A9)

1921  Armand Hammer traveled to Moscow to acquire a monopoly concession on asbestos mining. The concession was later alleged to be a cover for Hammer to deal with Soviet agents.
 (SFC, 1/17/97, p.D7)

1921  Coco Chanel started selling Chanel # 5. It was discovered by accident by an assistant of perfume chemist Ernest Beaux. The assistant forgot to dilute a fatty aldehyde which turned out to enhance and fix the scent.
 (SFC, 12/28/96, p.C4)(SFEM, 3/9/96, p.34)

c1921  Earle Dickson, a cotton buyer for the Johnson gauze bandage company, devised a ready made sterile bandage strip for his accident prone bride. In 1999 Johnson & Johnson estimated that 100 billion Band-Aids had been used since.
 (SFEC, 5/23/99, p.B7)

1921  The Seiberling Latex Products Co. was founded by Frank Augustus Seiberling (1859-1954). He had earlier started the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. In Akron, Ohio.
 (SFC, 5/26/99, Z1 p.6)

1921  The "Texas Pig Stand," the 1st drive-in car-service restaurant, was opened on the Dallas-Ft. worth Highway by G. Kirby and R.W. Jackson.
 (SFC, 8/12/00, p.B3)

1921  Drano came on the market. It was produced by a Cincinnati chemical company.
 (SFC, 12/28/96, p.C4)

1921  The Electrolux vacuum cleaner was introduced by a Swedish lamp salesman.
 (SFC, 12/28/96, p.C4)

1921  White Castle, the world’s first hamburger chain, originated in Wichita, Kansas.
 (SFEC, 11/17/96, Par p.19)

1921  Wyandotte Toys of Wyandotte, Mich., was founded and initially concentrated on toy pistols.
 (SFC, 2/15/03, p.E7)

1921  In Colorado a major flood on the Arkansas River caused Pueblo to divert the original river channel away from downtown. The channel became the setting for a 1998 riverfront project.
 (WSJ, 3/25/98, p.B10)

1921  Alexander Pell (formerly known as Sergei Degaev), the 1st math prof. at the Univ. of South Dakota, died. In 1883 Sergei Degaev (26) had shot and killed Lt. Col. Georgii Sudeikin, security chief of Czar Alexander III. The 2 men had conspired to undermine both the government and the Revolutionary People’s Will. Degaev fled Russia to the US where he earned a Ph.D. in mathematics at Johns Hopkins. In 2003 Richard Pipes authored "The Degaev Affair."
 (WSJ, 4/17/03, p.D8)

1921  Afghanistan signed a Treaty of Friendship with the Soviet Union.
 (WSJ, 9/20/01, p.A12)

1921  Opals were discovered at Big Flat, Australia, near Coober Pedy. Today 70% of the local people (3,500) live underground in former mines and specially dug caves since it gets so hot in the summer (130 degrees). Coober Pedy is derived from the aboriginal term "kupa piti," which means white man’s hole.
 (WSJ, 6/12/95, p.A-12)

1921  In Armenia the borders of the region were gerrymandered when the Caucasus territories were made part of the Soviet Union. This made the area of Nagorno-Karabakh, a mountainous enclave of mostly Armenians, surrounded by Azerbaijan.
 (SFC, 2/4/98, p.C2)

1921  In Austria economist Ludwig von Mises wrote a full-scale refutation of socialist economics and predicted the precise nature of its failure.
 (WSJ, 1/30/97, p.A16)

1921  In Canada the lions in the Royal Arms of Canada were designed by a committee of Parliament and proclaimed by King George V.
 (G&M, 7/31/97, p.A6)

1921  In China Mao Tse-tung, a young librarian, formed the Chinese Communist Party.
 (WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R14)

1921  The Tartu Peace Treaty between Estonia and the Soviet Union recognized a free and independent Estonian Republic in perpetuity with fixed borders recognized in the treaty.
 (BN, V.15, No.55, p.4)

1921  In France the Colombe d’Or (Golden Dove) north of Nice began life as a restaurant called "A Robinson" under Paul and Baptistine Roux. The restaurant changed its name and was converted to a hotel in 1931 with the sign "lodgings for men, horses, and painters."
 (SFEC, 3/29/98, p.T10)

1921  Mohandas Gandhi began peaceful the noncooperation movement against British rule. The Non-cooperation Movement of 1920-'22 sought to induce the British government to grant self-government to India. The movement grew from the Amritsar massacre of April 1919, when the British killed some 400 Indians. The movement marked the transition of Indian nationalism from a middle class to a mass movement.
 (SFEC, 8/3/97, p.A15)(HNQ, 11/24/98)

1921  Winston Churchill and T.E. Lawrence promoted "the sherifian solution," under which the Hashemite family-- Hussein, the sherif of Mecca, and his sons, would rule over the region under Britain's eye.
 (Econ, 7/19/03, p.69)

1921  At the Cairo Conference Britain and France carved up Arabia and created Jordan under Emir Abdullah; his brother Faisal became King of Iraq. France was given influence over Syria and Jewish immigration was allowed into Palestine.  Faisal I died one year after independence and his son, Ghazi I succeeded him.
 (HNQ, 6/20/99)(SSFC, 10/14/01, p.D3)

1921  The British made southern Ireland a dominion of Gt. Britain.
 (Compuserve, Online Encyclopedia)

1921  The Red Army forced the Chechen government into exile and took nominal control. Armed resistance continued.
 (SSFC, 11/10/02, p.A11)

1921  In Ireland Michael Collins and statesman Arthur Griffith set up the Irish Free State (the Republic of Ireland). Several northern counties went over to Britain.
 (SFEC, 12/22/96, Z1 p.6)

c1921  In Ireland, Michael Collins, founder of the Irish Volunteers (precursor to the IRA), lost a political fight to Eamon de Valera, who went on to run the country for 50 years.
 (SFC, 9/22/96, Par p.31)

1921  In Israel there was an Arab uprising in Jerusalem.
 (SFC, 10/18/96, C8)

1921  Guccio Gucci (1881-1953) and his wife, Aida, opened their 1st store in Florence following a number of years in London. Their son, Aldo, later built the Gucci brand into a global snob-appeal powerhouse. In 2000 Sara Gay Forden authored "The House of Gucci." [see 1904]
 (WSJ, 9/1/00, p.W1)(WSJ, 11/5/03, p.A1)

1921  The League of Nations granted the Aland Island group to the new Finnish Republic. Aland was populated by native Swedes. Under the accord Aland was given veto power in international treaties signed by Finland.
 (WSJ, 12/5/97, p.A1)

1921  In Mexico Fidel Velasquez Sanchez (1900-1997) formed the Union of Milk Workers.
 (SFEC, 6/22/97, p.D8)

1921  Urga was renamed Ulan Bator (Red Hero) after Mongolian freedom fighters and D. Sukhbaatar sided with Russian communists and defeated the Chinese warlords. The Mad Baron, Ungern-Sternberg, was executed.
 (SFEM, 10/12/97, p.28)

1921  In Mongolia Damdiny Sukhbaatar, supported by the Bolshevik administration in Moscow, organized a force that, with the help of Red Army troops, defeated the White Russians and drove off the Chinese.
 (www.gobiexpeditions.com)

1921  In Poland the Solec Hospital in central Warsaw was built.
 (WSJ, 1/15/97, p.A1)

1921  At Melrose Abbey in the Scottish Borders a casket was found with an embalmed heart that was thought to belong to King Robert I of Scotland. It was reburied and not found again until 1996.
 (SFC, 9/3/96, p.A8)

1921  The Soviet Union and Iran signed agreements concerning the Caspian Sea.
 (SFC, 8/11/98, p.A8)

1921  In Turkey Kemal Ataturk, a Muslim general, called for sustained military action to "chase the enemy out of our land." He referred to British, French and Italian forces that had helped defeat the Ottoman Empire and were stationed in Istanbul.
 (SSFC, 10/14/01, p.A3)

1921-1922 Poet Robert Frost was poet-in-residence at the Univ. of Michigan.
 (MT, Win. ‘96, p.4)

1921-1923 William G. Harding was the 29h President of the US. He died of pneumonia on Aug 2, 1923, and was succeeded by his Vice-President, Calvin Coolidge. The Teapot Dome oil leasing scandal, the Veteran’s Bureau skimming scandal, Justice Dept. bootlegging, influence peddling and pardon-fixing scandals plagued his administration.
 (A&IP, ESM, p.96b, photo)(SFC, 8/1/98, p.A15)

1921-1924 The number of Americans in Paris swelled from 6,000 to 30,000.
 (SFEC, 8/9/98, BR 9 p.9)

1921-1926 W.L. Mackenzie King, Liberal Party, serves as the 10th Prime Minister of Canada.
 (CFA, ‘96, p.81)

1921-1932 The 52-mil Going-to-the-Sun Road in Glacier National Park was constructed over Logan Pass.
 (WSJ, 6/23/97, p.A1)

1921-1958 In Iraq the period of the Hashemite monarchy.
 (SFC, 5/27/97, p.A22)

1921-1986 Joseph Beuys, German artist, recorded his own blackboard scrawls as drawings and made performance art of his freewheeling lectures. Andy Warhol made some prints of Beuys. "Beuys saw himself as an avatar of the realization that art is a mindful attitude toward the ordinary…" He was the most influential European artist of his generation.
 (SFC,12/18/97, p.E3)(WSJ, 8/27/98, p.A12)(SFC, 1/4/00, p.B7)(SFC, 2/15/00, p.B1)

1921-1990 Friedrich Durrenmatt, Swiss author and playwright: "What was once thought can never be unthought."
 (AP, 11/15/00)

1921-1998 George Wright, theater organist, was born in Orland. He recorded over 60 albums and performed Wurlitzer theater pipe organs at the Fox Theater on Market St. in SF and the Paramount theater in New York. He received the first lifetime achievement award from the American Theater Organ Society in 1995.
 (SFC, 6/1/98, p.A17)

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