1928 Jan 5, Walter Mondale, 42nd Vice President (1977-1981) of
the U.S., was born. He was the Democratic presidential nominee who lost
to Ronald Reagan in 1984, and Ambassador to Japan.
(HN, 1/5/99)
1928 Jan 7, William Peter Blatty, author and director (The Exorcist),
was born in NYC.
(MC, 1/7/02)
1928 Jan 9, Judith Krantz, author (Scruples, Princess Daisy, Dazzle),
was born in NYC.
(MC, 1/9/02)
1928 Jan 9, Eugene O'Neill's "Marco Millions," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 1/9/02)
1928 Jan 10, The Soviet Union ordered the exile of Leon Trotsky.
Stalin triumphed over Bolshevik Party opposition led by Trotsky, Leo Kamenev,
and Gregory Zinoviev.
(AP, 1/10/98)(SFEC, 5/31/98, p.7)
1928 Jan 11, Leon Trotsky, a leader of the Bolshevik revolution
and early architect of the Soviet state, was shipped out by Soviet leader
Joseph Stalin to Alma-Ata in remote Soviet Central Asia. Later he was banished
from the USSR.
(MC, 1/11/02)
1928 Jan 11, Thomas Hardy (87), novelist (Maddening Crowd), died
near Dorchester.
(MC, 1/11/02)
1928 Jan 12, Ruth Snyder became the 1st woman to die in the electric
chair.
(MC, 1/12/02)
1928 Jan 17, Vidal Sassoon, hair stylist/CEO (Vidal Sassoon),
was born in London.
(MC, 1/17/02)
1928 Jan 20, Martin Landau, actor (Mission Impossible, Tucker,
Space 1999), was born in Brooklyn, NY.
(MC, 1/20/02)
1928 Jan 23, Jeanne Moreau, actress (Going Places, Jules &
Jim), was born in Paris, France.
(MC, 1/23/02)
1928 Jan 25, Eduard Shevardnadze, foreign minister of USSR, was
born in Soviet Georgia.
(MC, 1/25/02)
1928 Jan 26, Eartha Kitt, singer, actress (Catwoman-Batman), was
born in SC.
(MC, 1/26/02)
1928 Jan 26, Roger Vadim, director (And God Created Women, Barbarella),
was born in France.
(MC, 1/26/02)
1928 Jan 31, Scotch tape was 1st marketed by 3-M Company.
(MC, 1/31/02)
1928 Feb 3, Mr. Fred Rogers, kid host (Mr. Roger's Neighborhood),
was born in Latrobe, Pa. [see Mar 20]
(MC, 2/3/02)
1928 Feb 7, The United States signed an arbitration treaty with
France.
(HN, 2/7/99)
1928 Feb 7, Australian Bert Hinkler took off from London in a
two-seat Avro 581E Avian biplane on the first leg of his solo flight from
England to Australia. On February 22, after flying 128 hours in less than
16 days, Hinkler's 11,250-mile adventure ended in Darwin, Australia.
(HNQ, 2/7/01)
1928 Feb 8, 1st transatlantic TV image was received at Hartsdale,
NY.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1928 Feb 8, Scottish inventor J. Blaird demonstrated color TV.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1928 Feb 22, Australian Bert Hinkler ended his 11,250-mile adventure
in Darwin, Australia, after flying 128 hours in less than 16 days. The
unassuming Hinkler's grueling flight was little noted by the press until
he reached India, then the world press got caught up in the drama of another
"Lone Eagle" performance so soon after Charles A. Lindbergh's transatlantic
flight. As he plotted a course across Asia and the Timor Sea using a London
Times atlas as his navigational chart, a newspaper editor dubbed him "Hustling
Hinkler," a nickname later immortalized by the American Tin Pan Alley hit
song, "Hustling Hinkler Up in the Sky."
(HNPD, 2/7/99)
1928 Feb 24, In its first show to feature a Black artist, the
New Gallery of New York exhibited works of Archibald Motley.
(HN, 2/24/98)
1928 Feb 25, Larry Gelbart, writer, producer, actor (Oh God!,
M*A*S*H), was born.
(MC, 2/25/02)
1928 Feb 25, Bell Labs introduced a new device to end the fluttering
of the television image.
(HN, 2/25/98)
1928 Feb 26, Antonie "Fats" Domino was born in New Orleans. He
was an American Rock n' Roll singer famous by his songs "Blueberry Hill"
and "Ain't that a Shame."
(HN, 2/26/99)(SC, 2/26/02)
1928 Feb 28, Smokey the Bear was created.
(MC, 2/28/02)
1928 Mar 1, Paul Whiteman and his orchestra recorded "Ol' Man
River" for Victor Records.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1928 Mar 4, Alan Sillitoe, novelist (Saturday Night and Sunday
Morning, The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner), was born.
(HN, 3/4/01)
1928 Mar 4, The Transcontinental Footrace began and 55 men ran
from Los Angeles to New York in 81 days. Andrew Payne of Oklahoma won the
"Bunyon Derby."
(SSFC, 11/10/02, p.M4)(PBS-TV, 11/24/02)
1928 Mar 5, Hitler's National Socialists won the majority vote
in Bavaria.
(HN, 3/5/98)
1928 Mar 6, Gabriel Garcia-Marquez, Columbian-born novelist (One
Hundred Years of Solitude, Love in the Time of Cholera), was born.
(HN, 3/6/01)
1928 Mar 6, A Communist attack on Peking, China resulted in 3,000
dead and 50,000 fleeing to Swatow.
(HN, 3/6/98)
1928 Mar 10, James Earl Ray, alleged assassin of Martin Luther
King Jr, was born.
(MC, 3/10/02)
1928 Mar 12, Edward Albee, American dramatist who wrote "Who's
Afraid of Virginia Wolf," was born.
(HN, 3/12/00)
1928 Mar 12, The 3-year-old St. Francis dam collapsed and some
450 people were killed in Santa Paula, Ventura County, Ca.
(SFC, 9/22/01, p.A3)(PCh, 1992, p.791)
1928 Mar 13, Rudolph Friml's musical "Three Musketeers," premiered
in NYC.
(MC, 3/13/02)
1928 Mar 14, Frank Borman, astronaut (Gem 7, Ap 8), CEO (Eastern
Airline), was born in Gary, Ind.
(MC, 3/14/02)
1928 Mar 15, Nicolas Flagello, composer, was born.
(MC, 3/15/02)
1928 Mar 15, Mussolini modified the Italy electoral system. [see
May 12]
(MC, 3/15/02)
1928 Mar 16, Christa Ludwig, soprano (Vienna State Opera, Met
Opera), was born in Berlin Germany.
(MC, 3/16/02)
1928 Mar 16 The U.S. planned to send 1,000 more Marines to Nicaragua.
(HN, 3/16/98)
1928 Mar 19, Patrick McGoohan, actor (#6-Prisoner, Secret Agent),
was born in Astoria, NY.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1928 Mar 19, "Amos & Andy" debuted on radio with the NBC
Blue Network, WMAQ Chicago.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1928 Mar 20, Hans Kung, Swiss religious theologian, was born.
(MC, 3/20/02)
1928 Mar 20, Fred Rogers, television performer (Mr. Roger's Neighborhood),
was born. [see Feb 3]
(HN, 3/20/01)
1928 Mar 21, Coolidge gave the Congressional Medal of Honor to
Charles Lindbergh.
(HN, 3/21/98)
1928 Mar 22, Dmitri Antonovitch Volkogonov, soldier, historian,
was born.
(MC, 3/22/02)
1928 Mar 22, Noel Coward's musical "This Year of Grace," premiered
in London.
(MC, 3/22/02)
1928 Mar 22, Peasants in the Soviet Union protested food shortages
there.
(HN, 3/22/97)
1928 Mar 25, James A. Lovell Jr, USN, astronaut (Gemini 7, 12,
Apollo 8, 13), was born in Cleveland, Oh.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1928 Mar 27, The U.S. accepted the new oil-land laws enacted by
Mexico, ending a long-standing dispute between Mexico and the United States.
(HN, 3/27/98)
1928 Mar 28, Zbigniew Brzezinski, US national security advisor
(Carter), was born in Warsaw.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1928 Mar 28, J.L. Rutledge, Pacific Air Transport pilot, ran
out of fuel and parachuted from his plane near Orinda, Ca. The plane crashed
nearby and he retrieved the mail and delivered it to the Orinda post office.
(SFC, 3/28/03, p.E8)
1928 Mar 28, Giuseppe Ferrata (63), composer, died.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1928 Mar 31, Gordie Howe, NHL right wing (Detroit Redwings), was
born in Floral, Sask., Canada.
(MC, 3/31/02)
1928 Apr 1, China's Chiang Kai-shek began attacks on communists
as his army crossed Yang-tse.
(HN, 4/1/98)(MC, 4/1/02)
1928 Apr 4, Maya Angelou, American poet, was born.
(HN, 4/4/98)
1928 Apr 5, David Farquhar Andress, composer, was born.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1928 Apr 6, James Watson, [co-]discovered structure of DNA, was
born.
(HN, 4/6/98)
1928 Apr 7, James Garner, actor (Rockford Files, Bret Maverick),
was born in Norman, Okla.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1928 Apr 7, Alan J. Pakula, director (All the President's Men,
Klute), was born.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1928 Apr 9, Mae West's NYC debut in a daring new play "Diamond
Lil."
(MC, 4/9/02)
1928 Apr 12, Hermann Koehl attempted a 2nd nonstop flight Europe
to North America in a Junkers monoplane, the Bremen. Koehl along with a
navigator and passenger departed from Ireland and reached Greenly Island,
Quebec, the next day.
(ON, 9/02, p.5)
1928 Apr 12, There was an assassination attempt on king Victor
Emmanuel II of Italy.
(MC, 4/12/02)
1928 Apr 17, Cynthia Ozick, writer (The Cannibal Galaxy, The Messiah
of Stockholm), was born.
(HN, 4/17/01)
1928 Apr 18, Jean-Francois Pailliard, conductor, was born in Vitry-le-Francois,
France.
(MC, 4/18/02)
1928 Apr 23, Shirley Temple Black, child actress, was born. She
sang "On the Good Ship Lollipop" and later became and American ambassador.
(HN, 4/23/99)
1928 Apr 24, The fathometer, used to measure underwater depth,
was patented.
(MC, 4/24/02)
1928 Apr 26, Madame Tussaud's waxwork exhibition opened in London.
(MC, 4/26/02)
1928 May 1, Lei Day, a Hawaiian celebration, was begun.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1928 May 1, Pitcairn Airlines (later Eastern) began service.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1928 May 2, In Emeryville, Ca., a raid on a brewery next door
to the home of Police Chief Ed. J. Carey uncovered 5,000 gallons of unbottled
beer and 3,000 bottles of beer. Jimmy Reese, star 2nd baseman of the Oakland
Coast League and son-ibn-law of Chief Carey, emerged from a cottage in
front of the warehouse and demanded to know what the raid was about. Alameda
Ct. DA Earl Warren filed a federal complaint against Carey.
(SFC, 5/2/03, p.E3)
1928 May 3, James Brown, "The Godfather of Soul," was born in
Augusta, Georgia. The singer is best remembered for the song "I Feel Good."
[see May 3, 1933]
(HN, 5/3/99)(MC, 5/3/02)
1928 May 4, Maynard Ferguson, jazz trumpeter (Roulette), was born
in Verdun, Quebec.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1928 May 4, Thomas Kinsella, Irish poet, was born.
(HN, 5/4/01)
1928 May 4, Hosni Mubarak, Egyptian president (1981- ), was born.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.A20)(MC, 5/4/02)
1928 May 4, Hennie Youngman, comedian, married Sadie Cohen. They
met in a Kresge's 5 & 10 cent store in Brooklyn where they both worked.
He later made famous the line: "Take my wife... Please!"
(SFEM, 1/25/98, p.66)
1928 May 7, A Pulitzer prize was awarded to Thornton Wilder for
Bridge of San Luis Rey.
(MC, 5/7/02)
1928 May 8, Theodore Sorenson, presidential advisor to John F.
Kennedy, was born. Many suspect that he ghost-wrote Kennedy's book "Profiles
in Courage."
(HN, 5/8/99)
1928 May 12, In Italy Mussolini abolished women suffrage under
a new law that restricted the franchise to men 21 and over who pay syndicate
rates or taxes or 100 lire.
(PCh, 1992, p.787)
1928 May 14, Ernesto "Che" Guevara (d. Oct 8, 1967) was born to
an aristocratic family in Misiones province, Argentina. A biography was
written in 1997 by Jon Lee Anderson: "Che Guevara: A Revolutionary of Life."
Ernesto "Che" Guevara, chief lieutenant in the Cuban revolution and active
in other Latin American revolutionary movements, was born Ernesto Guevara
de la Serna in Rosario, Argentina. "Che" was a nickname meaning "pal."
He played a leading role alongside Fidel Castro in the overthrow of Cuban
dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959, wrote the book Guerrilla Warfare in
1960 and, as Cuban Minister of Industries from 1961-'65, led the nationalization
of industry and agriculture. He left Cuba in 1966 to lead a band of guerrillas
in Bolivia, where he was tracked down and executed by the Bolivian army
in 1967.
(SFC, 6/16/97, p.D3)(HNQ, 12/2/98)(HNQ, 2/10/00)
1928 May 19, The 1st annual "Frog Jumping Jubilee" at Angel's
Camp, Ca., drew 51 frogs.
(MC, 5/19/02)
1928 May 19, "Firedamp" exploded in Mather, Pa. coal mine killing
195 of 273 miners.
(DTnet, 5/19/97)
1928 May 23, Rosemary Clooney (d.2002), singer, was born in Maysville,
Ky.
(HN, 5/23/01)(SSFC, 6/30/02, p.A20)
1928 May 23, Italian Gen. Nobile reached the North Pole for a
2nd time with a 16-man crew aboard the dirigible Italia.
(ON, 10/00, p.5)
1928 May 24, William Trevor, Irish short story writer and novelist
(The Old Boys, The Boarding House), was born.
(HN, 5/24/01)
1928 May 24, The dirigible Italia crashed while attempting to
reach Spitzbergen. Nine men survived the initial crash. In 2000 Wilbur
Cross authored "Disaster at the Pole," a revised edition of the 1960 version
of the disaster led by Italian aviator Umberto Nobile.
(ON, 10/00, p.6)(SSFC, 1/7/01, Par p.14)
1928 May 25, Frigyes Hidas, composer, was born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1928 May 25, Mary Tuck, social researcher, civil servant, was
born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1928 May 25, Amelia Earhart, as a passenger, became the 1st woman
to fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1928 May 29, Fritz von Opel reached 200 kph in an experimental
rocket car. [see Sep 30, 1929]
(SC, 5/29/02)
1928 May 31, The first flight over the Pacific took off from Oakland.
(HN, 5/31/98)
1928 Jun 2, Nationalist Chiang Kai-shek captured Peking, China,
in a bloodless takeover.
(HN, 6/2/98)
1928 Jun 3, Manchurian warlord Chian Tso-Lin died as a result
of a bomb blast set off by the Japanese, who were planning to invade and
claim Manchuria.
(HN, 6/3/98)
1928 Jun 4, Ruth Westheimer, sex therapist (WYNY-FM), was born
in Germany.
(MC, 6/4/02)
1928 Jun 5, Robert Lansing, actor (12 O'Clock High, Equalizer),
was born in SD, Calif.
(MC, 6/5/02)
1928 Jun 10, Maurice Sendak, children's author and illustrator
(Where the Wild Things Are), was born.
(HN, 6/10/01)
1928 Jun 14, The Republican National Convention nominated Herbert
Hoover for president on the first ballot. George Barr Baker was Hoover's
confidential advisor during the campaign.
(AP, 6/14/98)(SFC, 12/30/98, p.A18)
1928 Jun 15, Republicans, convening in Kansas City, named Herbert
Hoover their candidate for President.
(HN, 6/15/98)
1928 Jun 17, Amelia Earhart embarked on a trans-Atlantic flight
from Newfoundland to Wales as a passenger. [see Jun 18]
(AP, 6/17/97)(HNQ, 3/8/02)
1928 Jun 18, Aviator Amelia Earhart became the first woman to
fly across the Atlantic Ocean as she completed a flight from Newfoundland
to Wales in about 21 hours as a passenger. [see Jun 17]
(AP, 6/18/97)(HN, 6/18/98)(HNQ, 3/8/02)
1928 Jun 20, Jean-Marie Le-Pen, leader of the National Front party
in France, was born.
(HN, 6/20/98)
1928 Jun 21, Judith Raskin, soprano, was born.
(HN, 6/21/01)
1928 Jun 22, Moses A. Gunst (75), millionaire cigar retailer and
former SF police commissioner, died in Burlingame.
(Ind, 3/2/02, 5A)
1928 Jun 28, New York Gov. Alfred E. Smith was nominated for president
at the Democratic national convention in Houston.
(AP, 6/28/98)
1928 cJun, Roald Amundsen (b.1872), Norwegian explorer, flew north
with a crew of rescuers to search for the survivors of the Italian dirigible
Italia. They were never seen again.
(ON, 10/00, p.8)(Ind, 4/27/02, 5A)
1928 Jul 4, Jean Lussier became the first person to go over the
Niagara Falls in a rubber ball. He went over Horseshoe Falls in the padded
ball, which he had built complete with oxygen tanks and which weighed 750
pounds.
(IB, Internet, 12/7/98)
1928 Jul 6, A preview was held in New York of the first all-talking
movie feature, "The Lights of New York."
(AP, 7/6/97)
1928 Jul 12, The Russian icebreaker Krassin rescued the rest of
the dirigible Italia crew members. In 1969 Gary Hogg authored "Airship
Over the Pole: The Story of the Italia." In 2000 Wilbur Cross authored
"Disaster at the Pole."
(ON, 10/00, p.8)
1928 Jul 13, Robert N.C. Nix, Jr., first African-American chief
justice of a state supreme court, was born.
(HN, 7/13/98)
1928 Jul 16, Anita Brookner, writer (Hotel du Lac), was born.
(HN, 7/16/01)
1928 Jul 26, Stanley Kubrick (d.1999), American film director,
was born in Bronx, NY. His works included Spartacus and 2001: A Space Odyssey.
(HN, 7/26/98)(SFC, 3/8/99, p.A7)(MC, 7/26/02)
1928 Jul 26, Bernice Rubens, Welsh novelist and filmmaker, was
born.
(HN, 7/26/01)
1928 Jul 31, Horace Silver, jazz pianist, composer and bandleader,
was born.
(HN, 7/31/01)
1928 Aug 9, Bob Cousey, Hall of Fame basketball player and coach
of the Boston Celtics , was born.
(HN, 8/9/98)
1928 Aug 10, Eddie Fisher, American singer, was born. His hits
included "I'm Walking Behind You" and "Oh! My Pa-Pa."
(HN, 8/10/99)
1928 Aug 27, Fifteen nations signed the Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact,
also known as the Pact of Paris, outlawing war and calling for the settlement
of disputes through arbitration. Forty-seven other countries eventually
sign the pact. The pact was developed by French foreign minister
Aristide Briand and U.S. Secretary of State Frank Kellogg. The document
did not stipulate any sanctions and allowed for so many exceptions-including
wars of 'self-defense' and obligations under the League Covenant and Monroe
Doctrine-that the pact was quite ineffective.
(AP, 8/27/97)(HN, 8/27/98)(HNQ, 10/20/00)
1928 Aug 27, 16 people died in NYC's 2nd worst subway accident.
(MC, 8/27/01)
1928 Aug 29, Thomas Stewart, baritone (La Roche Capriccio), was
born in San Saba, Texas.
(MC, 8/29/01)
1928 Aug 30, Ruth Westerheimer, sex therapist (Dr Ruth), was born.
(MC, 8/30/01)
1928 Aug 30, Jawaharlal Nehru requested the independence of India.
(MC, 8/30/01)
1928 Aug 31, James Coburn (d.2002), actor (Our Man Flint, Magnificent
Seven), was born in Laurel, Nebraska.
(YN, 8/31/99)(SFC, 11/19/02, p.A2)
1928 Aug 31, Brecht and Kurt Weill's "The Threepenny Opera" opened
in Berlin.
(HN, 8/31/00)(MC, 8/31/01)
1928 Sep 1, US Boy Scouts planted 3,000 Lincoln Highway posts
at one mile intervals across the US. The 1st was at Times Square and the
last in San Francisco at the Legion of Honor.
(SFCM, 9/1/02, p.6)
1928 Sep 1, Albania became a kingdom. Ahmed Zogu proclaimed Albania
to be a monarchy and established himself as "His Majesty King Zog I." Zogu
pressured the parliament to dissolve itself, and a new constituent assembly
declared Albania a kingdom with Zogu as Zog I, "King of the Albanians."
He obtained Italian aid for modernization and weakened the constitution
to arrange for his son to succeed him. The National Assembly gave him a
title that translates into "prince."
(CO, Grolier's / Albania)(SFC, 6/27/97, p.A16)(www, Albania,
1998)(SC, 9/1/02)
1928 Sep 6, Robert Pirzig, author, was born. His work included
"Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance."
(HN, 9/6/00)
1928 Sep 9, Julian E "Cannonball" Adderley (d.1975), US, jazz
musician (Black Messiah), was born. Adderley was a member of the Miles
Davis ensemble of the 1950s, and in the 1960s scored a hit of his own with
'Mercy, Mercy, Mercy'.
(MC, 9/9/01)
1928 Sep 12, A hurricane in Florida, killed 6,000 people.
(MC, 9/12/01)
1928 Sep 12, Actress Katharine Hepburn made her stage debut in
"The Czarina."
(MC, 9/12/01)
1928 Sep 15, Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovered,
by accident, that the mold penicillin has an antibiotic effect. [see 1929,1941]
(V.D.-H.K.p.354)(HN, 9/15/99)
1928 Sep 17, Actor Roddy McDowall (d.1998) was born in London.
His films included "Lassie Come Home," and "Cleopatra." His first movie
at age 7 was "Murder in the Family."
(SFEC, 10/4/98, p.B10)
1928 Sep 17, A hurricane hit Lake Okeechobee Florida drowning
1,800-2500.
(MC, 9/17/01)
1928 Sep 19, Mickey Mouse's screen debut was in Steamboat Willie
at Colony Theater NYC. [see Nov 18]
(MC, 9/19/01)
1928 Sep 20, Joyce Brothers, pop psychiatrist ($64,000 question
winner), was born in NYC.
(MC, 9/20/01)
1928 Sep 21, "My Weekly Reader" magazine made its debut.
(MC, 9/21/01)
1928 Sep 27, The United States said it was recognizing the Nationalist
Chinese government.
(AP, 9/27/97)
1928 Sep 28, US acknowledged the Chinese government of Chiang
Kai-shek.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1928 Sep 28, Prussia forbade a speech by Adolf Hitler.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1928 Sep 30, Elie Wiesel, Holocaust survivor, writer (Souls on
Fire), best known for his first book "Night" about his own experiences
in concentration camps, was born in Romania. He won the Nobel Prize in
1986.
(HN, 9/30/98)(MC, 9/30/01)
1928 Oct 1, American Tobacco and US Rubber were removed as components
of the Dow Jones. They were replaced by American Tobacco Class B and North
American Co.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, p.R45)
1928 Oct 4, Alvin Toffler, writer and futurist, was born. His
work included "Future Shock" (1970).
(HN, 10/4/00)(NW, 9/16/02, p.34D)
1928 Oct 6, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek became President of
China.
(MC, 10/6/01)
1928 Oct 6, Josip Broz (Tito) was sentenced to 5 years in jail.
(MC, 10/6/01)
1928 Oct 9, Marcel Pagnol's "Topaz," premiered in Paris.
(MC, 10/9/01)
1928 Oct 15, The German dirigible Graf Zeppelin landed in Lakehurst,
N.J., on its first commercial flight across the Atlantic. It made 590 flights
before it was decommissioned in 1937.
(AP, 10/15/97)(SFC,12/24/97, Z1 p.6)
1928 Oct 22, Republican presidential nominee Herbert Hoover spoke
of the "American system of rugged individualism" in a speech at New York's
Madison Square Garden.
(AP, 10/22/97)
1928 Oct 23, F.A. Alphonse Aulard, French historian, died.
(MC, 10/23/01)
1928 Oct, In Rome Mussolini organized the draining of Lake Nemi
to get to the remains of Caligula's sunken pleasure ships.
(AM, 5/01, p.29)
1928 Nov 1, The Graf Zeppelin set an airship distance record of
6384 km.
(MC, 11/1/01)
1928 Nov 2, L. Stokovski conducted the premiere of Dmitri Shostakovitch's
1st Symphony, in Phila.
(MC, 11/2/01)
1928 Nov 3, Turkey switched from Arabic to Roman alphabet.
(MC, 11/3/01)
1928 Nov 4, Arnold Rothstein (46), US businessman and gambler,
was shot to death.
(MC, 11/4/01)
1928 Nov 6, In a first, presidential election results were flashed
on an electronic sign outside the New York Times building; Herbert Hoover
beat Alfred E. Smith. Norman Thomas was the presidential candidate for
the Socialist Party. Hoover won just over 83% of the electoral vote.
(AP, 11/6/97)(SFC, 2/12/00, p.A21)(HNQ, 11/7/00)
1928 Nov 7, Norton David Zinder, biologist, was born.
(HN, 11/7/00)
1928 Nov 8, George and Ira Gershwin's musical "Treasure Girl,"
premiered in NYC.
(MC, 11/8/01)
1928 Nov 9, Anne Sexton (d.1974), Pulitzer Prize-winning poet,
was born. "In a dream you are never eighty."
(AP, 6/5/00)(HN, 11/9/00)
1928 Nov 10, Hirohito was enthroned as Emperor of Japan.
(AP, 11/10/97)
1928 Nov 11, Carlos Fuentes, Mexican novelist, was born.
(HN, 11/11/00)
1928 Nov 12, The ocean liner Vestris sank off the Virginia Cape
with 328 aboard, killing 111.
(HN, 11/12/98)
1928 Nov 14, Leonie Rysanek, dramatic soprano (Vienna Munich State
Opera, Met Opera), was born.
(MC, 11/14/01)
1928 Nov 17, The Boston Garden officially opened.
(MC, 11/17/01)
1928 Nov 17, Notre Dame finally lost a football game after nearly
25 years.
(MC, 11/17/01)
1928 Nov 18, Walt Disney's "Steamboat Willie," starring Mickey
Mouse, premiered in New York. It was the first successful sound-synchronized
animated cartoon. [see Sep 19]
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)(AP, 11/18/97)
1928 Nov 19, The 1st issue of Time magazine featured Japanese
Emperor Hirohito on cover.
(MC, 11/19/01)
1928 Nov 20, Mrs. Glen Hyde became the first woman to dare the
Grand Canyon rapids in a scow (flat bottomed boat that is pushed along
with a pole).
(HN, 11/20/98)
1928 Nov 22, "Bolero" by Maurice Ravel made its debut in Paris.
(AP, 11/22/97)
1928 Nov 22, British King George was confined to bed with congested
lung; the queen was to take over duties.
(HN, 11/22/98)
1928 Nov 23, Jerry Bock, Broadway composer (Fiddler on the Roof),
was born in New Haven, Ct.
(MC, 11/23/01)
1928 Nov 26, Philip Barry's "Holiday," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 11/26/01)
1928 Dec 7, Noam Chomsky, writer, linguist and political activist,
was born.
(HN, 12/7/00)
1928 Dec 11, Police in Buenos Aires thwarted an attempt on the
life of President-elect Herbert Hoover.
(AP, 12/11/97)
1928 Dec 12, Helen Frankenthaler, abstract painter, was born.
(HN, 12/12/00)
1928 Dec 13, George Gershwin's musical work "An American in Paris"
had its premiere, at Carnegie Hall in New York. The debut was performed
by the New York Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Walter Damrosch.
(AP, 12/13/98)(MC, 12/13/01)
1928 Dec 13, The clip-on tie was designed.
(MC, 12/13/01)
1928 Dec 18, Lucien Capet (55), composer, died.
(MC, 12/18/01)
1928 Dec 19, The 1st autogiro flight was made in the US. It was
a predecessor of the helicopter.
(MC, 12/19/01)
1928 Dec 20, 1st international dogsled mail left Minot, Maine,
for Montreal.
(MC, 12/20/01)
1928 Dec 21, President Coolidge signed the Boulder Dam bill.
(HN, 12/21/98)
1928 Dec 23, The National Broadcasting Co. set up a permanent,
coast-to-coast network.
(AP, 12/23/98)
1928 Dec 28, The last recording of Ma Rainey, "Mother of the Blues,"
was made.
(MC, 12/28/01)
1928 Dec 28, Louis Armstrong made 78 rpm recording of "West End
blues."
(MC, 12/28/01)
1928 Dec 30, Bo Didley, blues composer and singer famous for his
Mockingbird song, was born in McComb, Mississippi. His music included "Pretty
Thing," "Diddy Wah Diddy," "Who Do You Love," "Hey Bo Didley," and "Hush
Your Mouth." The Bo came from boxing.
(SFEC, 8/25/96, DB p.71)(HN, 12/30/98)
1928 Sol LeWitt, pioneer of the Conceptual Art Movement, was born.
(WSJ, 2/28/00, p.A38)
1928 Ariel Sharon, Israeli defense minister 1981-1984, was born
in Kfar Mallal, a part of British-ruled Palestine.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1928 Andy Warhol (d.1987) was born in Pittsburgh, Pa. He went
to school there and graduated from the Carnegie Institute of Technology.
(SFEC, 8/13/00, p.T11)
1928 John Steuart Curry, American artist, painted "Baptism in
Kansas."
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1928 Raoul Dufy, fauve artist, painted "Open Window at Nice."
(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)
1928 Georgia O'Keeffe painted "Calla Lilies with Red Anemone."
It sold for $6.166 million in 2001.
(WSJ, 6/15/01, p.W12)
1928 Sophie Treadwell wrote her play "Machinal." It was expressionist
play about a woman who murders to free herself from a suffocating marriage.
It was based on the 1927 trial and 1928 execution of Ruth Snyder, the first
woman to die in the electric chair in the US. A photographer sneaked a
photo of her death at Sing Sing Prison in Ossining, N.Y.
(SFEC, 2/9/97, DB p.33)(SFEC, 9/14/97, Par p.14)
1928 The Mae West play "Diamond Lil" cemented her bawdy image.
(SSFC, 4/15/01, DB p.35)
1928 Herbert Asbury authored "The Gangs of New York." In 2002
it was made into a film.
(SFC, 12/30/02, p.D1)
1928 Radclyffe Hall published "The Well of Loneliness," a novel
intended as a cry about the plight of "congenital inverts," her term for
lesbians. It caused a big stir in England and a trial for obscenity. In
1999 Diana Souhami published "The Trials of Radclyffe Hall."
(SFEC, 8/8/99, BR p.1)
1928 F.L. Hawks, British author, published his "Short History
of Shanghai."
(Hem. 1/95, p. 84)
1928 "Coming of Age in Samoa" by Margaret Mead was published.
Franz Boas had sent Mead to study the lives of adolescent girls. Boas held
that the surrounding culture determines all human action and that thus
human nature lacks a biological component. In 1983 Derek Freeman published
"Margaret Mead in Samoa," in which he laid waste Mead's portrayal of 1920s
Samoan society. Other books on the Mead controversy followed and in 1999
Freeman published "The Fateful Hoaxing of Margaret Mead: A Historical Analysis
of Her Samoan Research."
(SFEC, 8/18/96, BR p.7)(WSJ, 3/3/99, p.A17)
1928 "A House at Pooh Corner" by A.A. Milne was published.
(Hem., 8/96, p.96)
1928 The Oxford English Dictionary (O.E.D.) was first published.
It was begun in 1879 and edited by Prof. James Murray (d.1915) with assistance
from William Minor, an American ex-army surgeon. In 1998 Simon Winchester
authored "The Professor and the Madman," the story behind the creation
of the dictionary.
(WSJ, 9/14/98, p.A30)(SFEC, 10/18/98, BR p.7)
1928 Virginia Woolf wrote "Orlando," a novelistic letter to Vita
Sackville-West.
(WSJ, 8/22/96, p.A12)
1928 The Philip Barry play "Holiday" was staged in New York. It
was later made into a film with Katherine Hepburn and Cary Grant.
(WSJ, 12/6/95, p.A-18)(SFC, 3/13/00, p.B2)(SFC, 3/13/00, p.B2)
1928 Eugene O'Neill wrote his play "Strange Interlude."
(SFEC, 5/30/99, DB p.37)
1928 In the US the "Amos 'n' Andy Show" began on the radio featuring
two white vaudeville actors in black voice.
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)
1928 Charlie Chaplin said: "Moving pictures need sound as much
as Beethoven symphonies need lyrics.". He didn't make an all-sound feature
until The Great Dictator (1940).
(HNQ, 8/29/00)
1928 The album "Vol. 4, Louis Armstrong and Earl Hines" was recorded
on Columbia Legacy. Also this year Armstrong dropped his word sheet during
a vocal of "Heebie Jeebies" and improvised. This was later claimed to mark
the beginning of scat singing.
(SFC, 7/4/97, p.D9)(SFC, 7/4/98, p.E3)
1928 Gene Autry recorded "That Silver-Haired Daddy of Mine" written
with Jimmy Long in NYC. The success of the record won Autry a contract
with Columbia Records and a role in the weekly "National Barn Dance" radio
show.
(SFC, 10/3/98, p.A14)
1928 Russian guitarist Savelli Walevitch recorded "The Many Wonders
of the Steppes" in Camden, New Jersey. A. Dobrohotov displayed an amazing
balalaika workout on the recording of "Kamarinskaya." Both are part of
the assembled music of the 4-part CD series "The Secret Museum of Mankind
- Ethnic Music Classics: 1925-1948," by Pat Conte on the Yazoo label.
(NH, 6/97, p.66)
1928 The US Library of Congress began to record folk music under
the direction of Carl Engle: "This centralized collection should comprise
all the poems and melodies that have sprung from our soil or have been
transplanted here, and have been handed down, often with manifold changes,
from generation to generation, as a precious possession of our folk.
(WSJ, 11/20/97, p.A20)
1928 The Los Angeles City Hall at First and Spring streets was
built. It was the city's tallest building until the late 1950s. It was
Renaissance tower atop a Greek temple supported by a classical base.
(USAT, 10/8/97, p.4D)
1928 John Ringling, circus entrepreneur, purchased some 2,300
artifacts of the Cesnola collection from the NYC Metropolitan Museum at
an auction.
(AM, 7/97, p.70)
1928 Newspapers across the US published "Visiting the World Children,"
a geography aid for American kids with pictures that were to be colored
and clipped. Book No.34 was titled "Some Children in Estonia, the Potato
Republic."
(BN, V.15, No.55, p.1)
1928 Hugo Gernsbach began a magazine called "All About Television."
The cover featured a family gathered around a TV set watching football.
(SFEC, 9/3/00, Z1 p.2)
1928 RKO Pictures was founded. They released such classics
as
King
Kong,
the early Astaire-Rogers musicals and Citizen Kane.
(NT, 8/15/98)
1928 Uwajimaya, a family-owned Japanese grocery store, opened
in Seattle.
(WSJ, 10/31/96, p.A21)
1928 In Chicago the Int'l Early Birds organization for early aviators
was founded. Members included solo fliers prior to Dec 17, 1916. The last
member, George D. Grundy Jr., died in 1998 at age 99.
(SFC, 5/26/98, p.B2)
1928 "The expression "false friends" (for similar words in two
languages that have different meanings) originally comes from the French
"faux amis", a term used for the first time in 1928 by Koessler and Derocquigny
in their book "Les faux amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais" (Vuibert)..."
(http://www.santesson.com/engfalsk.htm)
1928 James Morgan remarked: "God must have loved the common people
- He made so many of them."
(SFEC, 5/31/98, Z1 p.8)
1928 The ice cream and oatmeal cookie sandwich called "It's-It"
was invented at Playland-at-the-Beach in SF.
(SFEC, 3/8/98, p.W30)
1928 Charles Roman (d.1999 at 92) met bodybuilder Charles Atlas
(d.1972 at 78) and founded Charles Atlas Ltd. to promote bodybuilding.
(SFC, 7/21/99, p.C3)
1928 Herbert Hoover won the presidency over the Catholic, Al Smith.
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)
1928 The Kellog-Briand Pact, renouncing aggressive war, was signed
in Paris by 62 nations.
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)
1928 Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis gave a dissenting opinion
in the Olmstead vs. US case in which the court upheld the use of wiretaps
in an investigation of bootlegging. "Our government is the potent, the
omnipresent teacher. For good or for ill, it teaches the whole people by
its example... If the government becomes a lawbreaker, it breeds contempt
for the law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself; it invites
anarchy... To declare that in the administration of criminal law the end
justifies the means-to declare that the government may commit crimes in
order to secure the conviction of a private criminal-would bring terrible
retribution." This was quoted by Timothy McVeigh during his formal sentence
to death in 1997 for the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma.
(SFC, 8/15/97, p.A3)
1928 The Seven Member Rule was enacted and specified that government
agencies must turn over information if it is requested by 7 members of
the House Government Reform Committee or 5 members of the Senate Governmental
Affairs Committee.
(SFC, 1/26/02, p.A4)
1928 On Wall Street stock prices climbed in wild speculation.
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)
1928 The Dow Jones was expanded to 30 stocks.
(WSJ, 6/3/96, p.C1)
1928 The Alexander's department store chain was founded by George
S. Farkas (d.1980).
(SFC, 7/29/99, p.C4)
1928 A.P. Giannini of SF bought the small Bank of America in NYC.
He then wrapped his East Coast Banks under the corporate parent Transamerica
Corp. with New York banker Elisha Walker as CEO.
(SFC, 4/14/98, p.B1)
1928 Cadillac developed synchronous mesh transmission and modern
safety glass.
(F, 10/7/96, p.68)
1928 Chrysler bought the Dodge brothers' engine business and introduced
the Plymouth brand. Chrysler also introduced hydraulic brakes and the Chrysler
Series 72 finished 3rd and 4th at Le Mans.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(WSJ, 6/1/00, p.A20)
1928 DuPont enlisted a team of engineers to conduct pure research
under Wallace Carothers, who began to synthesize polymers. He invented
nylon (1930) and led the way to new fabrics such as Orlon, Dacron, Kevlar,
and Lycra.
(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R46)
1928 "Levi's" became a trademark. Walter Haas Sr. succeeded Sigmund
Stern, the nephew of Levi Strauss, as president.
(SFC, 4/29/03, B1)
1928 The Hearst Corp. acquired the first of many radio stations.
(SFC, 8/7/99, p.A9)
1928 The Motorola Corp. began as the Galvin Manufacturing Co.
founded by Paul Galvin.
(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A3)
1928 Transcontinental Air Transport, the forerunner of Trans World
Airlines (TWA), was incorporated. Thomas B. Eastland acquired enough shares
to become the West Coast Director. Clement M. Keys was president and hired
Charles Lindbergh as chairman of the technical committee.
(Ind, 11/16/02, 5A)
1928 Paul Dirac developed the mathematics that predicts
the existence of antimatter. His theory explained mathematically why the
electron had spin 1/2, that is why it didn't look the same if you turned
it through one complete revolution but did if you turned it through two
revolutions.
(NG, May 1985, J. Boslough, p. 654)(BHT, Hawking, p.68)
1928 John von Neumann, mathematician, conceived the strategies
of game theory. In 2000 Robert Wright authored "Nonzero: The Logic of Human
Destiny."
(WSJ, 1/23/97, p.A12)
1928 Rutherford published a paper describing an experiment in
which he bombarded a uranium target with very fast alpha particles emitted
by polonium-214.
(SCTS, p.124)
1928 Waldo Lonsbury Semon (d.1999 at 100), a chemist for B.F.
Goodrich, invented polyvinyl chloride. He received a patent for PVC in
1933. In 1940 he invented the synthetic rubber named Ameripol.
(SFC, 5/29/99, p.A23)
1928 Walter E. Diemer (23), an accountant for Fleer Chewing Gum
in Philadelphia, began testing recipes for a gum base. He invented the
first batch of bubble gum, making it pink because that was the only shade
of food coloring on hand. It was sold under the Dubble Bubble name for
a penny.
(SFC, 1/13/98, p.A19)(SFC, 8/2/99, p.A22)
1928 William "Big Bill" Hopson, pioneer US airmail pilot, died
in a plane crash.
(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A22)
1928 Leos Janacek (b.1854), Czech composer, died. His work included
"The Diary of One Who Vanished" based on 22 poems by Josef Kalda of a young
farm boy seduced by a Gypsy girl.
(WSJ, 1/3/96, p.A-7)(WSJ, 6/12/01, p.A20)
1928 Charles Rennie Mackintosh (b.1868), Scottish architect and
designer, died. His watercolors included "The Rock" (1927).
(WSJ, 1/29/97, p.A9)
1928 Ruth Snider was electrocuted. [photo]
(SFEM,10/26/97, p.4)
1928 Benjamin Strong, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of
New York, died. He pushed a policy of easy money until he died.
(WSJ, 2/1/00, p.B1)
1928 In Egypt the Muslim Brotherhood was founded by Hasan al-Banna.
If in power it would implement Shariah Islamic Law which is very severe
and calls for amputation of a thief's limb.
(WSJ, 12/8/95, p.A-8)(WSJ, 9/21/01, p.A16)
1928 In Germany Artur Axmann (1913-1996) joined the Hitler Youth.
He later was appointed by Hitler to lead the Hitler Youth. In 1949 war
trials he was sentenced to 39 months imprisonment, which the court ruled
as already served from pre-trial detention.
(SFC, 11/7/96, p.B4)
1928 In Dublin, Ireland, the Gate Theater playhouse was founded
by Micheal MacLiammoir and Hilton Edwards.
(WSJ, 8/5/96, p.A10)
1928 In India British colonial authorities began to print money.
(WSJ, 8/29/96, B1)
1928 In Iraq Mohammed Mahdi al-Jawahri, classical Arab poet, published
"Between Passion and Feeling."
(SFC, 8/2/97, p.A21)
1928 The city of Taxco, famous for its silver shops, was declared
a national monument. The highway from Mexico City reached Taxco.
(SFEC, 11/10/96, p.T6)(SFEC, 11/8/98, p.T7)
1928 The city of Valladolid, Mexico, was renamed to Morelia, after
the local priest Jose Maria Morelos, a hero of the war of independence
from Spain. It is the capital of the state of Michoacan. It is near here
at Angangueo that the Monarch butterfly comes from Nov. to Feb.
(Hem, Nov.'95, p.146)
1928 In Rarotonga, Cook Islands, Robert Dean Frisbie, American
expatriate South Seas writer, stated "I have hunted long for this sanctuary."
(SFEC, 1/5/97, p.T7)
1928 In Russia Galina Ulanova (1910-1988), ballerina, made her
debut in Leningrad's Maryinsky Ballet.
(SFEC, 3/22/98, p.C5)
1928 In Russia Stalin pushed his farm collectivization program
killing and displacing millions of peasants.
(TMC, 1994, p.1928)
1928 Stalin reversed his view on rapid industrialization and Bukharin's
power diminished. Although Bukharin participated in writing the 1936 Soviet
constitution, he was ultimately expelled from the Communist Party in 1937
for being a Trotskyite, was falsely accused and found guilty of counterrevolutionary
activities and espionage. Bukharin was executed in 1938.
(HNQ, 8/31/99)
1928 Stalin began his plan for the resettlement of Jews to Birobidzhan,
an area of land the size of Belgium on the Russian-Chinese border. It was
officially declared the Jewish Autonomous Region and by 1930 some 230,000
people lived in colonies there. Yiddish language and culture was fostered
but worship was forbidden.
(SFEM, 5/24/98, p.4)
1928 The Soviets began planning the Jewish Autonomous Region in
Siberia. By 1931 there were 40,000 people living there in an area larger
than Switzerland.
(SFC, 7/18/96, p.E6)
1928 Bertram and Ella Goldberg Wolfe, American activists in the
Comintern, went to Moscow as guests of the Communist Party. The Comintern
was Communism's international governing body. Bertram clashed with Stalin
over the idea of "American Exceptionalism," where the US model could be
different from the Marxist-Leninist model. The Wolfe's were put under house
arrest for 6 months until the intervention of Dr. Julius Hammer.
(SFC, 1/17/00, p.C2)
1928-1929 Tommy Johnson, bluesman, was popular in the Mississippi Delta.
His music is on "Tommy Johnson Complete Recordings."
(NH, 9/96, p.62)
1928-1931 Fats Waller wrote "Honeysuckle Rose," "Ain't Misbehavin,"
"Crazy 'Bout My Baby," "Handful of Keys," "Sweet Savannah Sue," "I've Got
A Feeling I'm Falling," and "Minor Drag."
(SFEM, 10/6/96, p.16)
1928-1933 In Germany the Munich Illustrated Press was edited by Hungarian-born
Stefan Lorant (d.1997 at 96). He later wrote "Sieg Heil!: An Illustrated
History of Germany from Bismarck to Hitler" in 1974.
(SFC,11/19/97, p.C5)
1928-1938 The Trans-Iranian Railway is constructed. 865 miles long it
extends from the Caspian Sea to the Persian Gulf.
(NG, Sept. 1939, Baroness Ravensdale, p.337)
1928-1948 The candidate of the Socialist Party, Norman Thomas, ran for
the office of President of the U.S. in every election over this period.
His largest popular vote tally was 881,951 in 1932.
(HNQ, 8/18/98)
1928-1972 The Alberta Sterilization Act caused over 2,000 Albertans
to be sterilized in order to prevent the mentally handicapped from passing
on potentially defective genes. In 1998 the government agreed to compensate
nearly 500 people who were sterilized without their consent.
(SFC, 6/6/98, p.A11)
1928-1997 Eugene Shoemaker, astronomer, became known as the father of
planetary impact geology. He discovered the Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet that
slammed into Jupiter in 1994.
(NH, 9/97, p.88)